Conhecimento dos pais de crianças oncológicas em saúde bucal

PEDROSA, Bruna Rafaele Vieira; MARTINS, Walésia Laianny Leite; ALMEIDA, Híttalo Carlos Rodrigues de; KOZMHINSKY, Veronica Maria da Rocha; SABINO, Maria de Fátima Pessoa de Araújo; OLIVEIRA, Kaline Maria Maciel de

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Sumário

ORIGINAL • Rev Gaúch. Odontol. 67 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-86372019000083605 copiar

Conhecimento dos pais de crianças oncológicas em saúde bucal

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Objetivo:

Identificar o conhecimento dos pais/responsáveis de crianças oncológicas sobre os cuidados de saúde bucal dedicados aos seus filhos acompanhados na oncologia pediátrica do Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira.

Métodos:

Estudo transversal, com amostra de 163 Pais/responsáveis de crianças acompanhadas pelo Setor de Oncologia Pediátrica do IMIP na cidade do Recife/PE através da aplicação de formulário semiestruturado, testado com 10% da amostra em um estudo-piloto.

Resultados:

Os pais/responsáveis em sua maioria pertenciam ao sexo feminino (87%), eram mães dos pacientes (81%), com idade entre 25 a 34 anos (44,8%), com renda familiar de um salário mínimo (47%), com escolaridade até o ensino fundamental (51,6%) e do interior do Estado de Pernambuco (56%). As crianças na maior parte eram do sexo masculino (58,9%) e tinha idade média de 7, 57 anos, cursavam ou haviam parado de estudar no ensino fundamental (54,6%), foram diagnosticados com Leucemia Linfóide Aguda (57,7%) e tratados através de quimioterapia (92,6%). Todos os pais consideravam importante a presença do cirurgião dentista no Setor de Oncologia e realizavam a higiene bucal da criança, mais da metade afirmaram ter conhecimento sobre como evitar a cárie (63%) e quase metade das crianças nunca foram ao dentista (41,1%).

Conclusão:

Os pais/responsáveis possuem conhecimento sobre saúde bucal, mas não colocam em prática.

Termos de indexação
Saúde da criança; Assistência à saúde; Saúde bucal

	Bracket age
Variable	18 to 24		25 to 34		35 or over		Total Group		P value
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Total	26	100	73	100	64	100	163	100
Have you ever participated in any educational activity related to oral health?									p⁽¹⁾ (1) Through Fisher’s exact test. = 0.035^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
Yes	5	19.2	32	43.8	18	28.1	55	33.7
No	21	80.8	41	56.2	46	71.9	108	66.3
How often does the child perform oral hygiene?									p⁽¹⁾ (1) Through Fisher’s exact test. = 0.7310
Once	1	3.8	6	8.2	2	3.1	9	05.5
Twice	6	23.1	12	16.4	13	20.3	31	19
Three times	16	61.5	41	56.2	41	64.1	98	60.1
Four times or more	3	11.5	14	19.2	8	12.5	25	15.3
Who performs the oral hygiene of the child?									p⁽²⁾ (2) Through Pearson’s Chi-square test. < 0.001^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
Child	5	19.2	27	37	42	65.6	74	45.4
Other (Parents/Guardians/Nurse)	21	80.8	46	63	22	34.4	89	54.6
When did the child go to the dentist for the last time?									p⁽²⁾ (2) Through Pearson’s Chi-square test. = 0.001^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
The child has never been to the dentist	19	73.1	31	42.5	17	26.6	67	41.1
Less than 6 months	3	11.5	23	31.5	26	40.6	52	31.9
Less than 1 year	1	3.8	13	17.8	7	10.9	21	12.9
1 year or more	3	11.5	6	8.2	14	21.9	23	14.1
Where was the dental treatment performed?									p⁽¹⁾ (1) Through Fisher’s exact test. = 0.013^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
The child has never been to the dentist.	19	73.1	31	42.5	17	26.6	67	41.1
IIMP	3	11.5	19	26	19	29.7	41	25.2
Private	3	11.5	7	9.6	14	21.9	24	14.7
Public	1	03.8	10	13.7	9	14.1	20	12.3
Other	-	-	6	8.2	5	07.8	11	6.7
What is the reason for the consultation?									p⁽²⁾ (2) Through Pearson’s Chi-square test. = 0.002^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
The child has never been to the dentist.	19	73.1	31	42.5	17	26.6	67	41.1
Prevention	1	03.8	11	15.1	14	21.9	26	16
Treatment/Urgency	6	23.1	31	42.5	33	51.6	70	42.9

Educational Level
Variable	Elementary		Middle		Secondary		Total Group			P value
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Total	65	100	76	100	22	100	163	100
When did the child go to the dentist for the last time?									p⁽²⁾ (2) Through Fisher’s exact test. = 0.894^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
The child has never been to the dentist	30	46.2	30	39.5	7	31.8	67	41.1
Less than 6 months	19	29.2	25	32.9	8	36.4	52	31.9
Less than 1 year	9	13.8	9	11.8	3	13.6	21	12.9
1 year or more	7	10.8	12	15.8	4	18.2	23	14.1
Where was the dental treatment performed?									p⁽¹⁾ (1) Through Pearson’s Chi-square test. = 0.375^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
The child has never been to the dentist	30	46.2	30	39.5	7	31.8	67	41.1
IIMP	18	27.7	18	23.7	5	22.7	41	25.2
Private	8	12.3	10	13.2	6	27.3	24	14.7
Public	7	10.8	12	15.8	1	4.5	20	12.3
Other	2	3.1	6	7.9	3	13.6	11	6.7
What is the reason for the consultation?									p⁽²⁾ (2) Through Fisher’s exact test. = 0.001^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
The child has never been to the dentist	30	46.2	30	39.5	7	31.8	67	41.1
Prevention	5	7.7	11	14.5	10	45.5	26	16
Treatment/Urgency	30	46.2	35	46.1	5	22.7	70	42.9
Do you have information on how to avoid caries?
Yes	26	40	54	71.1	21	95.5	101	62	p⁽¹⁾ (1) Through Pearson’s Chi-square test. < 0.001^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
No	39	60	22	28.9	1	4.5	62	38
Have you received oral health information from the department’s dental surgeon?									p⁽¹⁾ (1) Through Pearson’s Chi-square test. = 0.425^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
Yes	28	43.1	35	46.1	13	59.1	76	46.6
No	37	56.9	41	53.9	9	40.9	87	53.4
Do you believe that oral health can interfere with the health and treatment of the child?									p⁽²⁾ (2) Through Fisher’s exact test. = 0.077^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
Yes	43	66.2	60	78.9	19	86.4	122	74.8
No	15	23.1	15	19.7	3	13.6	33	20.2
I don’t know	7	10.8	1	1.3	-	-	8	4.9
Do you believe that eating habits can interfere with your child’s oral health?									p⁽²⁾ (2) Through Fisher’s exact test. = 0.034^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
Yes	45	69.2	65	85.5	21	95.5	131	80.4
No	18	27.7	9	11.8	1	4.5	28	17.2
I don’t know	2	3.1	2	2.6	-	-	4	2.5
Do you consider that oral habits are harmful to your child’s health?									p⁽²⁾ (2) Through Fisher’s exact test. = 0.456
The chield does not have habits	40	61.5	38	50	13	59.1	91	55.8
Yes	19	29.2	27	35.5	9	40.9	55	33.7
No	5	7.7	6	7.9	-	-	11	6.7
I don’t know	1	1.5	5	6.6	-	-	6	3.7

Variable	Educational Level
	Elementary		Middle		Secondary		Total Group		P value
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Total	65	100	76	100	22	100	163	100
How do you rate your oral health?									p⁽¹⁾ (1) Through Pearson’s Chi-square test. = 0.003^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
Poor/Bad	7	10.8	9	11.8	2	9.1	18	11
Regular	23	35.4	50	65.8	11	50	84	51.5
Good/Excellent	35	53.8	17	22.4	9	40.9	61	37.4
How do you rate the child’s oral health?									p⁽²⁾ (2) Through Fisher’s exact test. = 0.013^* *()** Significant difference at the level of 5.0%.
Poor/Bad	3	4.6	2	02.6	-	-	5	03.1
Regular	15	23.1	31	40.8	2	9.1	48	29.4
Good/Excellent	47	72.3	43	56.6	20	90.9	110	67.5

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[1] Correspondência para / Correspondence to: BRV PEDROSA. E-mail: <brunarvpedrosa@gmail.com>.