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ARTIGO • Revista de História (178) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9141.rh.2019.145623 linkcopy

Open-access BRAZILIAN AMAZON, THE BREADBASKET OF THE WORLD: SCIENCE, AGRICULTURE AND ECOLOGY AT THE AGRONOMIC INSTITUTE OF THE NORTH IN THE 1940s AND 1950s

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    Abstract

    This article addresses scientific research conducted at the Agronomic Institute of the North (IAN), an institution created under the Brazilian government’s developmentalist policy to promote the agricultural use of the Amazon in the 1940s and 1950s. We place special emphasis on the research related to the so-called “forest ecosystem theory”, developed at the institute by the German limnologist Harald Sioli, which guided the following institutional research agenda during those decades: polyculture, the excavation of siltation channels along the Amazon river, the cultivation of food crops, and the buffalo ranching. The IAN projected the Amazon to be the breadbasket of the world and a solution to world hunger. The main instrument of this transformation would be the knowledge of its ecology.

    Keywords The Amazon; ecology; the Agronomic Institute of the North; Harald Sioli; agronomy

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    Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Departamento de História Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 338, 01305-000 , Tel.: (55 11) 3091-3701 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
    E-mail: revistahistoria@usp.br
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