Avaliação de fórmulas para obtenção da capacidade resistente dos furos circulares em chapa de aço preenchidos com concreto

Miranda, Larice Gomes Justino; Aguiar, Otávio Prates; Silvério, Paulo Estevão Carvalho; Caldas, Rodrigo Barreto

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Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais

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Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. IBRACON Estrut. Mater. 15 (4) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1983-41952022000400001 copiar

Avaliação de fórmulas para obtenção da capacidade resistente dos furos circulares em chapa de aço preenchidos com concreto

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Desde o desenvolvimento de conectores de cisalhamento em chapa contínua com furos circulares, diferentes formulações foram propostas para o cálculo da capacidade resistente dos mesmos. A maior parte dessas formulações foi desenvolvida com base no ensaio push-out padrão de protótipos com múltiplos furos simulando a aplicação desses conectores em vigas mistas de aço e concreto. Visando a aplicação mais geral desses conectores em estruturas mistas e o entendimento dos parâmetros físicos e geométricos que influenciam em sua capacidade resistente, avaliou-se, no presente trabalho, a aplicação de 12 dessas formulações a 92 resultados de ensaio. Esses ensaios extraídos da literatura têm em comum o fato de apresentarem apenas um furo solicitado. Escolheram-se ensaios com essa característica por permitirem isolar melhor o comportamento da conexão, facilitando análises comparativas. Os resultados extraídos foram avaliados estatisticamente, sendo consideradas as melhores formulações aquelas que apresentaram menor dispersão de dados e fator de correção próximo à unidade. Além disso, foi investigado se os termos individuais que constituem as formulações descrevem adequadamente ou mostram relação com a mecânica que rege a conexão. Verificou-se que as formulações mais bem avaliadas estatisticamente foram também as que apresentaram uma relação mais clara com o comportamento mecânico do conector. Dentre as formulações avaliadas, três se mostraram significativamente melhores que as demais para previsão da capacidade resistente, contudo, observou-se que ainda é possível aprimorá-las se levada em consideração a influência do confinamento e espessura da chapa na capacidade resistente do furo.

Palavras-chave:
estruturas mistas; conector de cisalhamento; chapa contínua com furos circulares; ensaios de cisalhamento direto; avaliação estatística

Author	Specimen	Test setup	Concrete strength, f_c (MPa)	Hole diameter, d (mm)	Plate thickness, t (mm)	Diameter of the transverse rebar, d_s (mm)	Average ultimate load, P_u (kN)
Su et al. [⁹9 Q. T. Su, W. Wang, H. W. Luan, and G. T. Yang, "Experimental research on bearing mechanism of perfobond rib shear connectors," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 95, pp. 22–31, Apr 2014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.11.020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.11... ]	SCP-50	Plug-in	47.12	50	20	0	206.64
	SCP-60	Plug-in	47.12	60	20	0	314.09
	SCP-75	Plug-in	47.12	75	20	0	386.82
	SBP-24	Plug-in	47.12	24	20	22	316.75
	SBP-60	Plug-in	47.12	60	20	22	411.51
He et al. [¹⁰10 S. He, Z. Fang, Y. Fang, M. Liu, L. Liu, and A. S. Mosallam, "Experimental study on perfobond strip connector in steel-concrete joints of hybrid bridges," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 118, pp. 169–179, Mar 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11... ]	C-b0r0d1	Plug-in	46.1	60	25	0	246.5
	C-b1r0d1	Plug-in	46.1	60	25	0	370
	C-b1r1d0	Plug-in	46.1	21	25	20	325.5
	C-b0r1d1	Plug-in	46.1	60	25	20	449
	C-b1r1d1	Plug-in	46.1	60	25	20	547
Zheng et al. [¹³13 S. Zheng, Y. Liu, T. Yoda, and W. Lin, "Parametric study on shear capacity of circular-hole and long-hole perfobond shear connector," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 117, pp. 64–80, Feb 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09... ]	CP-1	Push-out	59.5	50	20	20	388.77
	CP-2	Push-out	59.5	60	20	20	426.17
	CP-3	Push-out	59.5	75	20	20	514.23
Nakajima and Nguyen [¹¹11 A. Nakajima and M. H. Nguyen, "Strain behavior of penetrating rebar in perfobond strip and its evaluation of shear resistance," J. JSCE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.4.1_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.... ]	D30T12R10	Plug-in	32.15	30	12	10	90.27
	D40T12R13	Plug-in	29	40	12	13	177.96
	D40T12R16	Plug-in	29	40	12	16	238.64
	D60T12R10	Plug-in	32.27	60	12	10	250.18
	D60T12R13	Plug-in	32.5	60	12	13	238.21
	D60T12R16	Plug-in	33.3	60	12	16	246.57
	D60T19R16	Plug-in	34.1	60	19	16	242.28
	D60T25R16	Plug-in	34.1	60	25	16	269.53
	D70T12R13	Plug-in	29	70	12	13	279.59
	D70T12R16	Plug-in	29	70	12	16	301.24
	D90T12R10	Plug-in	32.15	90	12	10	413.72
Xiao et al. [¹²12 L. Xiao, X. Li, and Z. J. Ma, "Behavior of perforated shear connectors in steel–concrete composite joints of hybrid bridges," J. Bridge Eng., vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 1–15, Apr 2017, http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-... ]	ST16	Push-out	41.68	60	20	16	222.9
	ST16C	Push-out	26.56	60	20	16	159.6
	ST16T	Push-out	41.68	60	8	16	158.35
	PT16	Plug-in	41.68	60	20	16	396.93
	PT16C	Plug-in	26.56	60	20	16	328.08
	PT16T	Plug-in	41.68	60	8	16	246

Authors	Predicting models
Oguejiofor and Hosain [⁷7 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "A parametric study of perfobond rib shear connectors," Can. J. Civ. Eng., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 614–625, 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063... ]	$q = 0.590 A_{c c} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 1.233 A_{t r} f_{y} + 2.871 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}}$
Oguejiofor and Hosain [¹⁴14 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "Numerical analysis of push-out specimens with perfobond rib connectors," Comput. Struc., vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 617–624, Feb 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00270-2. https://doi.org/ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016... ]	$q = 4.50 h t f_{c} + 3.31 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 0.91 A_{t r} f_{y}$
Hosaka et al. [¹⁵15 T. Hosaka, K. Mitsuki, H. Hiragi, Y. Ushijima, Y. Tachibana, and H. Watanabe, "An experimental study on shear characteristics of perfobond strip and its rational strength equations," J. Struct. Eng., vol. 46, pp. 1593–1604, 2000.]	$Q = 3.38 d^{2} \sqrt{t / d} f_{c} - 39$ , without transverse rebars*
	$Q = 1.45 [(d^{2} - d_{s}^{2}) f_{c} + d_{s}^{2} f_{u}] - 26.1$ , with transverse rebars*
Medberry and Shahrooz [¹⁶16 S. B. Medberry and B. M. Shahrooz, "Perfobond shear connector for composite construction," Eng. J. (N.Y.), vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 2–12, 2002.]	$P = 0.747 b h_{e c s} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 0.413 b_{f} L_{c} + 1.304 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 0.9 A_{t r} f_{y}$
Veríssimo [¹⁷17 G. S. Veríssimo, “Desenvolvimento de um conector de cisalhamento em chapa dentada para estruturas mistas de aço e concreto e estudo do seu comportamento,” D.Sc. thesis, Dept. Eng. Estruturas, Univ. Fed. Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2007.]	$q = 3.68 \sqrt{h / b} h t f_{c} + 2.60 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 0.13 A_{c c} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 34.3 \times 10^{6} (A_{t r} / A_{c c})$
Al-Darzi et al. [¹⁸18 S. Y. K. Al-Darzi, A. R. Chen, and Y. Q. Liu, "Finite element simulation and parametric studies of perfobond rib connector," Am. J. Appl. Sci., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 122–127, Mar 2007.]	$q = 255309 + 0.762 h t f_{c} - 7.59 \times 10^{- 4} A_{t r} f_{y} + 3.97 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}}$
Ahn et al. [¹⁹19 J. H. Ahn, C. G. Lee, J. H. Won, and S. H. Kim, "Shear resistance of the perfobond-rib shear connector depending on concrete strength and rib arrangement," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 1295–1307, Oct 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04.008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04... ]	$q = 3.14 h t f_{c} + 2.98 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 1.21 A_{t r p} f_{y}$ , for single CFH rib $q = 2.76 h t f_{c} + 2.61 n d^{2} \sqrt{f_{c}} + 1.06 A_{t r p} f_{y}$ , for twin CFH rib
Zhao and Liu [²⁰20 C. Zhao and Y. Q. Liu, "Experimental study of shear capacity of perfobond connector," Eng. Mech., vol. 29, no. 12, pp. 349–354, 2012.]	$Q = 1.38 (d^{2} - d_{s}^{2}) f_{c} + 1.24 d_{s}^{2} f_{y}$
He et al. [¹⁰10 S. He, Z. Fang, Y. Fang, M. Liu, L. Liu, and A. S. Mosallam, "Experimental study on perfobond strip connector in steel-concrete joints of hybrid bridges," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 118, pp. 169–179, Mar 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11... ]	$q = τ_{b} A_{b} + 1.06 A_{c} f_{c u} + 2.09 A_{s} f_{y}$ ; $τ_{b} = - 0.022 f_{c u} + 0.306 \sqrt{f_{c u}} - 0.573$
Zheng et al. [¹³13 S. Zheng, Y. Liu, T. Yoda, and W. Lin, "Parametric study on shear capacity of circular-hole and long-hole perfobond shear connector," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 117, pp. 64–80, Feb 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09... ]	$Q = 1.76 α_{A} (A - A_{s}) f_{c} + 1.58 A_{s} f_{y}$ ; $α_{A} = 3.80 {(A_{s} / A)}^{2 / 3}$
Nakajima and Nguyen [¹¹11 A. Nakajima and M. H. Nguyen, "Strain behavior of penetrating rebar in perfobond strip and its evaluation of shear resistance," J. JSCE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.4.1_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.... ]	$q = 0.15 A f_{c}^{0.65} A_{l}^{0.43} t^{- 0.5}$ , without transverse rebars*
	$q = 0.15 α (A - A_{s}) f_{c}^{0.65} A_{l}^{0.43} t^{- 0.5} + 0.84 d_{s} f_{y} d^{0.1} t^{0.8}$ ; $α = 6.9 d_{s}^{0.4} d^{- 0.7}$ , with transverse rebars*
Braun [²¹21 M. Braun, “Investigation of the load-bearing behavior of CoSFB-dowels,” Ph.D. dissertation, Fac. Sci. Technol. Commun., Univ. Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 2018.]	$q = 36.919 {(f_{c} t d \times 10^{- 3})}^{0.287} + (π d_{s}^{2} f_{y} / 2 \sqrt{3}) \times 10^{- 3}$

Author	Test setup	f_cu	f_c	d	t	d_s
Author	Test setup	(MPa)	(MPa)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)
Oguejiofor and Hosain [⁷7 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "A parametric study of perfobond rib shear connectors," Can. J. Civ. Eng., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 614–625, 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063... ]	Push-out	-	20.91 - 41.43	50	13	10
Oguejiofor and Hosain [¹⁴14 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "Numerical analysis of push-out specimens with perfobond rib connectors," Comput. Struc., vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 617–624, Feb 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00270-2. https://doi.org/ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016... ]	Push-out	-	20 - 40	35; 50	6; 13	-
Hosaka et al. [¹⁵15 T. Hosaka, K. Mitsuki, H. Hiragi, Y. Ushijima, Y. Tachibana, and H. Watanabe, "An experimental study on shear characteristics of perfobond strip and its rational strength equations," J. Struct. Eng., vol. 46, pp. 1593–1604, 2000.]	Push-out	-	23.8 - 57.6	35 - 80	8 - 22	5.1 - 28.6
Medberry and Shahrooz [¹⁶16 S. B. Medberry and B. M. Shahrooz, "Perfobond shear connector for composite construction," Eng. J. (N.Y.), vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 2–12, 2002.]	Push-out	-	39.6 - 45.5	50	12.7; 19	-
Veríssimo [¹⁷17 G. S. Veríssimo, “Desenvolvimento de um conector de cisalhamento em chapa dentada para estruturas mistas de aço e concreto e estudo do seu comportamento,” D.Sc. thesis, Dept. Eng. Estruturas, Univ. Fed. Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2007.]	Push-out	-	20.91 - 41.43	50	13	10
Al-Darzi et al. [¹⁸18 S. Y. K. Al-Darzi, A. R. Chen, and Y. Q. Liu, "Finite element simulation and parametric studies of perfobond rib connector," Am. J. Appl. Sci., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 122–127, Mar 2007.]	Push-out	54.6	-	50	-	-
Ahn et al. [¹⁹19 J. H. Ahn, C. G. Lee, J. H. Won, and S. H. Kim, "Shear resistance of the perfobond-rib shear connector depending on concrete strength and rib arrangement," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 1295–1307, Oct 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04.008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04... ]	Push-out	-	28.1 - 52.6	55	6	16
Zhao and Liu [²⁰20 C. Zhao and Y. Q. Liu, "Experimental study of shear capacity of perfobond connector," Eng. Mech., vol. 29, no. 12, pp. 349–354, 2012.]	Push-out and plug-in	20 - 70	-	35 - 90	-	10-25
He et al. [¹⁰10 S. He, Z. Fang, Y. Fang, M. Liu, L. Liu, and A. S. Mosallam, "Experimental study on perfobond strip connector in steel-concrete joints of hybrid bridges," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 118, pp. 169–179, Mar 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11... ]	Plug-in	58.1	46.1	21; 60	25	20
Zheng et al. [¹³13 S. Zheng, Y. Liu, T. Yoda, and W. Lin, "Parametric study on shear capacity of circular-hole and long-hole perfobond shear connector," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 117, pp. 64–80, Feb 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09... ]	Push-out	70.3	59.5	50; 60; 75	20	20
Nakajima and Nguyen [¹¹11 A. Nakajima and M. H. Nguyen, "Strain behavior of penetrating rebar in perfobond strip and its evaluation of shear resistance," J. JSCE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.4.1_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.... ]	Plug-in	-	29 - 34.1	30; 40; 60; 70; 90	12; 19; 25	10; 13; 16
Braun [²¹21 M. Braun, “Investigation of the load-bearing behavior of CoSFB-dowels,” Ph.D. dissertation, Fac. Sci. Technol. Commun., Univ. Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 2018.]	Slim Floor	30 - 67	25 - 55	25; 40	7.5; 15.5	12

Formulation	V_δ	b
Hosaka et al. [¹⁵15 T. Hosaka, K. Mitsuki, H. Hiragi, Y. Ushijima, Y. Tachibana, and H. Watanabe, "An experimental study on shear characteristics of perfobond strip and its rational strength equations," J. Struct. Eng., vol. 46, pp. 1593–1604, 2000.]	0.2568	0.7769
Zhao and Liu [²⁰20 C. Zhao and Y. Q. Liu, "Experimental study of shear capacity of perfobond connector," Eng. Mech., vol. 29, no. 12, pp. 349–354, 2012.]	0.2714	1.0125
He et al. [¹⁰10 S. He, Z. Fang, Y. Fang, M. Liu, L. Liu, and A. S. Mosallam, "Experimental study on perfobond strip connector in steel-concrete joints of hybrid bridges," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 118, pp. 169–179, Mar 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11... ]	0.2838	1.0306
Braun [²¹21 M. Braun, “Investigation of the load-bearing behavior of CoSFB-dowels,” Ph.D. dissertation, Fac. Sci. Technol. Commun., Univ. Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 2018.]	0.3689	1.6258
Al-Darzi et al. [¹⁸18 S. Y. K. Al-Darzi, A. R. Chen, and Y. Q. Liu, "Finite element simulation and parametric studies of perfobond rib connector," Am. J. Appl. Sci., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 122–127, Mar 2007.]	0.3701	0.8767
Ahn et al. [¹⁹19 J. H. Ahn, C. G. Lee, J. H. Won, and S. H. Kim, "Shear resistance of the perfobond-rib shear connector depending on concrete strength and rib arrangement," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 1295–1307, Oct 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04.008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04... ]	0.3705	2.0104
Nakajima and Nguyen [¹¹11 A. Nakajima and M. H. Nguyen, "Strain behavior of penetrating rebar in perfobond strip and its evaluation of shear resistance," J. JSCE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.4.1_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.... ]	0.3842	1.0407
Zheng et al. [¹³13 S. Zheng, Y. Liu, T. Yoda, and W. Lin, "Parametric study on shear capacity of circular-hole and long-hole perfobond shear connector," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 117, pp. 64–80, Feb 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09... ]	0.4158	1.1943
Oguejiofor and Hosain [¹⁴14 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "Numerical analysis of push-out specimens with perfobond rib connectors," Comput. Struc., vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 617–624, Feb 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00270-2. https://doi.org/ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016... ]	0.4493	0.9028
Oguejiofor and Hosain [⁷7 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "A parametric study of perfobond rib shear connectors," Can. J. Civ. Eng., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 614–625, 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063... ]	0.4597	0.4483
Medberry and Shahrooz [¹⁶16 S. B. Medberry and B. M. Shahrooz, "Perfobond shear connector for composite construction," Eng. J. (N.Y.), vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 2–12, 2002.]	0.5056	1.0395
Veríssimo [¹⁷17 G. S. Veríssimo, “Desenvolvimento de um conector de cisalhamento em chapa dentada para estruturas mistas de aço e concreto e estudo do seu comportamento,” D.Sc. thesis, Dept. Eng. Estruturas, Univ. Fed. Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2007.]	0.5359	0.6072

Formulation	Variation of compressive concrete strength		Variation of diameter of the transverse rebar		Variation of plate thickness		Variation of hole diameter		Average
Formulation	push-out	plug-in	d=40	d=70	push-out	plug-in	push-out	plug-in	Average
Zhao and Liu [²⁰20 C. Zhao and Y. Q. Liu, "Experimental study of shear capacity of perfobond connector," Eng. Mech., vol. 29, no. 12, pp. 349–354, 2012.]	1.10	1.01	0.62	1.73	0.00	0.00	2.05	1.13	0.95
He et al. [¹⁰10 S. He, Z. Fang, Y. Fang, M. Liu, L. Liu, and A. S. Mosallam, "Experimental study on perfobond strip connector in steel-concrete joints of hybrid bridges," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 118, pp. 169–179, Mar 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11... ]	0.83	0.76	0.85	2.38	0.00	0.00	1.46	0.85	0.89
Hosaka et al. [¹⁵15 T. Hosaka, K. Mitsuki, H. Hiragi, Y. Ushijima, Y. Tachibana, and H. Watanabe, "An experimental study on shear characteristics of perfobond strip and its rational strength equations," J. Struct. Eng., vol. 46, pp. 1593–1604, 2000.]	1.16	1.06	0.98	2.74	0.00	0.00	2.15	1.17	1.16
Zheng et al. [¹³13 S. Zheng, Y. Liu, T. Yoda, and W. Lin, "Parametric study on shear capacity of circular-hole and long-hole perfobond shear connector," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 117, pp. 64–80, Feb 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09... ]	0.72	0.66	0.87	2.93	0.00	0.00	0.69	-	0.84
Oguejiofor and Hosain [⁷7 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "A parametric study of perfobond rib shear connectors," Can. J. Civ. Eng., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 614–625, 1994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-063... ]	0.94	0.87	0.53	1.48	0.00	0.00	0.55	0.34	0.59
Nakajima and Nguyen [¹¹11 A. Nakajima and M. H. Nguyen, "Strain behavior of penetrating rebar in perfobond strip and its evaluation of shear resistance," J. JSCE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.4.1_1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.... ]	0.67	0.79	0.21	1.36	-0.91	-0.57	1.52	0.91	0.50
Ahn et al. [¹⁹19 J. H. Ahn, C. G. Lee, J. H. Won, and S. H. Kim, "Shear resistance of the perfobond-rib shear connector depending on concrete strength and rib arrangement," J. Construct. Steel Res., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 1295–1307, Oct 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04.008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04... ]	0.22	0.20	0.52	1.45	0.00	0.00	0.50	0.35	0.41
Braun [²¹21 M. Braun, “Investigation of the load-bearing behavior of CoSFB-dowels,” Ph.D. dissertation, Fac. Sci. Technol. Commun., Univ. Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 2018.]	0.22	0.20	0.49	1.38	0.41	0.17	0.12	0.08	0.38
Oguejiofor and Hosain [¹⁴14 E. C. Oguejiofor and M. U. Hosain, "Numerical analysis of push-out specimens with perfobond rib connectors," Comput. Struc., vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 617–624, Feb 1997, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00270-2. https://doi.org/ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016... ]	0.25	0.23	0.39	1.09	0.00	0.00	0.64	0.39	0.37
Veríssimo [¹⁷17 G. S. Veríssimo, “Desenvolvimento de um conector de cisalhamento em chapa dentada para estruturas mistas de aço e concreto e estudo do seu comportamento,” D.Sc. thesis, Dept. Eng. Estruturas, Univ. Fed. Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2007.]	0.35	0.32	0.24	0.67	0.00	0.00	0.50	0.31	0.30
Medberry and Shahrooz [¹⁶16 S. B. Medberry and B. M. Shahrooz, "Perfobond shear connector for composite construction," Eng. J. (N.Y.), vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 2–12, 2002.]	0.10	0.09	0.38	1.08	0.00	0.00	0.25	0.16	0.26
Al-Darzi et al. [¹⁸18 S. Y. K. Al-Darzi, A. R. Chen, and Y. Q. Liu, "Finite element simulation and parametric studies of perfobond rib connector," Am. J. Appl. Sci., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 122–127, Mar 2007.]	0.29	0.27	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.76	0.47	0.23

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[1] Corresponding author: Larice Gomes Justino Miranda. E-mail: laricejustino@yahoo.com.br