Influence of cement paste thickness and volume of on pervious concrete properties

Gentil, Fernanda dos Santos; Ribeiro, Francisco Roger Carneiro; Menegotto, Camila Werner; Silva, Igor Wiscow da; Kazmierczak, Claudio de Souza

doi:10.1590/S1983-41952024000500009

Fernanda dos Santos Gentil

conceptualization

data curation

formal analysis

investigation

methodology

Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – Unisinos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, São Leopoldo, RS, Brasil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4354-2945

Francisco Roger Carneiro Ribeiro

data curation

formal analysis

investigation

methodology

submission

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8790-3023

Camila Werner Menegotto

formal analysis

investigation

methodology

Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – Unisinos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, São Leopoldo, RS, Brasil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4468-7601

Igor Wiscow da Silva

formal analysis

investigation

methodology

Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – Unisinos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, São Leopoldo, RS, Brasil

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9862-5524

Claudio de Souza Kazmierczak

conceptualization

methodology

supervision

data curation

formal analysis

Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – Unisinos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, São Leopoldo, RS, Brasil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7552-3867

Corresponding author: Fernanda dos Santos Gentil. E-mail: nandasantos1855@hotmail.com

Conflict of interest: Nothing to declare.

Author contributions: FSG: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology; FRCR: data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, submission; CWM: formal analysis, investigation, methodology; IWS: formal analysis, investigation, methodology; CSK: conceptualization, methodology, supervision, data curation, formal analysis.

Editors: Fernando Pelisser, Guilherme Aris Parsekian.

Properties	Natural coarse aggregate	Concrete recycled coarse aggregate	Regulatory standard
Characteristic maximum dimension (mm)	6.3	6.3	NBR 7211 [⁵⁰50 Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas, Agregados para Concreto – Especificação, NBR 7211. 2019.]
Unit mass (g/cm³)	1.43	1.28	NBR NM 45 [⁵¹51 Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas, Agregados – Determinação da Massa Unitária e do Volume de Vazios, NBR NM 45, 2006.]
Apparent specific mass (g/cm³)	2.45	2.29	NBR 16917 [⁵²52 Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas, Agregado Graúdo — Determinação da Densidade e da Absorção de Água, NBR 16917, 2021.]
Specific mass of saturated aggregate with dry surface (g/cm³)	2.56	2.46
Specific mass (g/cm³)	2.74	2.75
Water absorption (%)	4.21	7.42
Mass loss due to abrasion (%)	17.75	33.40	NBR 16974 [⁵³53 Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas, Agregados — Ensaios de resistência ao impacto e à abrasão Los Angeles, NBR 16974, 2022.]
Grain shape index	2.27	2.33	NBR 7809 [⁵⁴54 Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas, Agregado Graúdo — Determinação do Índice de Forma pelo Método do Paquímetro — Método de Ensaio, NBR 7809, 2019.]

Properties	Mortar	Regulatory standard
Water absorption (%)	10.32	NBR 9778 [⁵⁷57 Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas, Argamassa e Concreto Endurecidos – Determinação da Absorção de Água, Índice de Vazios e Massa Específica, NBR 9778, 2009.]
Void index (%)	20.73
Specific mass of the dry sample (g/cm³)	2.01
Specific mass of the saturated sample (g/cm³)	2.22
Specific mass of the saturated sample (g/cm³)	2.54
Axial compressive strength (MPa)	43.06	NBR 13279 [⁵⁸58 Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas, Argamassa para Assentamento e Revestimento de Paredes e Tetos — Determinação da Resistência à Tração na Flexão e à Compressão, NBR 13279, 2005.]
Tensile strength (MPa)	8.14
Absorption of water by capillarity (g/cm²)	0.383	RILEM TC 116 PCD adapted by Werle [⁵⁹59 RILEM, "TC116-PCD: permeability of concrete as a criterion of its durability," Mater. Struct., vol. 32, pp. 174–179, 1999.]

w/c	Admixture (%)	Density (g/cm³)	Consistency (mm)	Rod type	Aggregate	Average EPT (mm)	Standard deviation
0.25	0.7	2.16	126.0	Glass	NCA	0.19	0.0028
	0.7	2.16	126.0	Mortar	RCAC	0.81	0.0126
	0.6	2.14	119.0	Glass	NCA	0.31	0.0048
	0.6	2.14	119.0	Mortar	RCAC	0.98	0.0132
	0.5	2.15	96.0	Glass	NCA	0.63	0.0114
	0.5	2.15	96.0	Mortar	RCAC	1.47	0.0372
	0.4	2.13	40.0	Glass	NCA	1.08	0.0070
	0.4	2.13	40.0	Mortar	RCAC	2.06	0.0177
	0.3	2.12	40.0	Glass	NCA	0.08	0.0130
	0.3	2.12	40.0	Mortar	RCAC	1.50	0.0979
	0.2	2.10	40.0	Glass	NCA	NA	NA
	0.2	2.10	40.0	Mortar	RCAC	NA	NA
0.30	0.7	2.08	155.3	Glass	NCA	0.09	0.0021
	0.7	2.08	155.3	Mortar	RCAC	0.48	0.0056
	0.6	2.08	148.7	Glass	NCA	0.09	0.0014
	0.6	2.08	148.7	Mortar	RCAC	0.51	0.0068
	0.5	2.05	124.7	Glass	NCA	0.10	0.0014
	0.5	2.05	124.7	Mortar	RCAC	0.57	0.0055
	0.4	2.07	119.0	Glass	NCA	0.30	0.0026
	0.4	2.07	119.0	Mortar	RCAC	1.01	0.0148
	0.3	2.03	95.3	Glass	NCA	0.61	0.0096
	0.3	2.03	95.3	Mortar	RCAC	1.44	0.0171
	0.2	2.06	40.0	Glass	NCA	0.43	0.0208
	0.2	2.06	40.0	Mortar	RCAC	1.17	0.0994
0.34	0.7	1.99	195.3	Glass	NCA	0.04	0.0020
	0.7	1.99	195.3	Mortar	RCAC	0.14	0.0067
	0.6	2.01	141.7	Glass	NCA	0.06	0.0033
	0.6	2.01	141.7	Mortar	RCAC	0.33	0.0059
	0.5	2.00	144.7	Glass	NCA	0.08	0.0015
	0.5	2.00	144.7	Mortar	RCAC	0.36	0.0096
	0.4	2.00	132.3	Glass	NCA	0.09	0.0015
	0.4	2.00	132.3	Mortar	RCAC	0.39	0.0095
	0.3	2.02	120.7	Glass	NCA	0.19	0.0023
	0.3	2.02	120.7	Mortar	RCAC	0.62	0.0124
	0.2	1.98	78.7	Glass	NCA	0.51	0.0149
	0.2	1.98	78.7	Mortar	RCAC	1.31	0.0304

w/c	Compressive strength (MPa)	Tensile strength in diametral compression (MPa)
0.25	100.32	11.79
0.30	69.08	9.46
0.34	60.87	8.47

Unit trait	Aggregate type	w/c	EPT (mm)	Volume of paste (%)	Consumption (kg/m³)
Unit trait	Aggregate type	w/c	EPT (mm)	Volume of paste (%)	Cement	Water	Admixture	Aggregate
1:3	NCA	0.25	0.2	23	700.08	175.02	4.80	2100.23
			0.4		700.08	175.02	3.98	2100.23
			0.6		700.08	175.02	3.50	2100.23
		0.30	0.2	25	700.08	210.02	3.02	2100.23
			0.4	25	700.08	210.02	2.48	2100.23
			0.6	26	700.08	210.02	2.16	2100.23
		0.34	0.2	26	700.08	238.03	2.12	2100.23
			0.4	27	700.08	238.03	1.56	2100.23
			0.6	27	700.08	238.03	1.24	2100.23
1:2.5	RCAC	0.25	0.3	26	711.20	177.80	6.71	1778.00
			0.5	26	711.20	177.80	5.50	1778.00
			0.7	25	711.20	177.80	4.81	1778.00
		0.30	0.3	29	711.20	213.36	4.67	1778.00
			0.5		711.20	213.36	3.74	1778.00
			0.7		711.20	213.36	3.19	1778.00
		0.34	0.3	30	711.20	241.81	3.21	1778.00
			0.5		711.20	241.81	2.46	1778.00
			0.7		711.20	241.81	2.03	1778.00

Aggregate type	w/c	EPT (mm)	Volume of paste (%)	Specific mass (kg/cm³)
NCA	0.25	0.2	23	1755.04
		0.4		1757.78^* * Inconsistent value for permeability, therefore disregarded. ** Value disregarded, as it did not show permeability.
		0.6		1842.49
	0.30	0.2	25	1908.18
		0.4	25	1873.86
		0.6	26	1957.20
	0.34	0.2	26	1961.12^**
		0.4	27	1979.75
		0.6	27	1979.75
RCAC	0.25	0.3	26	1630.73
		0.5	26	1642.49
		0.7	25	1613.08
	0.30	0.3	29	1890.53**
		0.5		1920.92
		0.7		1921.90
	0.34	0.3	30	2008.18**
		0.5		2022.88
		0.7		1954.25

Aggregate type	w/c	EPT (mm)	Volume of paste (%)	Axial compressive strength (MPa)	Standard deviation
NCA	0.25	0.2	23	15.54	0.70
		0.4		16.23^* * Inconsistent value for permeability, therefore disregarded. ** Value disregarded, as it did not show permeability.	0.85
		0.6		20.32	1.44
	0.30	0.2	25	19.93	2.86
		0.4	25	21.01	0.42
		0.6	26	28.00	2.04
	0.34	0.2	26	18.30^**	1.22
		0.4	27	24.61	0.96
		0.6	27	25.83	1.99
RCAC	0.25	0.3	26	8.50	0.65
		0.5	26	7.10	1.00
		0.7	25	6.21	0.82
	0.30	0.3	29	17.20**	2.04
		0.5		19.59	1.90
		0.7		17.36	1.20
	0.34	0.3	30	20.44**	2.76
		0.5		19.60	1.68
		0.7		18.00	0.88

Aggregate type	w/c	EPT (mm)	Volume of paste (%)	Flexural tensile strength (MPa)	Standard deviation
NCA	0.25	0.2	23	3.15	0.24
		0.4		2.86^* * Inconsistent value for permeability, therefore disregarded. ** Value disregarded, as it did not show permeability.	0.71
		0.6		3.14	0.37
	0.30	0.2	25	4.43	0.76
		0.4	25	4.56	0.64
		0.6	26	3.95	0.51
	0.34	0.2	26	3.46^**	0.14
		0.4	27	3.35	0.25
		0.6	27	3.04	0.03
RCAC	0.25	0.3	26	1.72	0.08
		0.5	26	1.29	0.14
		0.7	25	0.85	0.14
	0.30	0.3	29	3.06**	0.22
		0.5		3.15	0.09
		0.7		2.83	0.17
	0.34	0.3	30	4.06^**	0.11
		0.5		3.17	0.21
		0.7		3.25	0.12

Aggregate type	w/c	EPT (mm)	Volume of paste (%)	Permeability coefficient K (cm/s)
NCA	0.25	0.2	23	0.617
		0.4		0.168^* * Inconsistent value for permeability, therefore disregarded. ** Value disregarded, as it did not show permeability.
		0.6		0.457
	0.30	0.2	25	0.353
		0.4	25	0.374
		0.6	26	0.225
	0.34	0.2	26	0^**
		0.4	27	0.110
		0.6	27	0.104
RCAC	0.25	0.3	26	0.537
		0.5	26	0.633
		0.7	25	0.772
	0.30	0.3	29	0**
		0.5		0.151
		0.7		0.213
	0.34	0.3	30	0**
		0.5		0.105
		0.7		0.119

Aggregate type	w/c	EPT (mm)	Volume of paste (%)	Mass loss due to abrasion (%)
NCA	0.25	0.2	23	32.15
		0.4		32.68^* * Inconsistent value for permeability, therefore disregarded. ** Value disregarded, as it did not show permeability.
		0.6		33.24
	0.30	0.2	25	32.49
		0.4	25	23.34
		0.6	26	20.38
	0.34	0.2	26	23.66^**
		0.4	27	16.55
		0.6	27	22.67
RCAC	0.25	0.3	26	65.03
		0.5	26	69.05
		0.7	25	80.95
	0.30	0.3	29	21.14**
		0.5		20.00
		0.7		18.34
	0.34	0.3	30	18.79**
		0.5		20.01
		0.7		19.58

Aggregate type	w/c	EPT (mm)	Volume of paste (%)	Density (kg/m³)	Void index (%)
NCA	0.25	0.2	23	1803.18	25.47
		0.4		1718.46*	30.21^* * Inconsistent value for permeability, therefore disregarded. ** Value disregarded, as it did not show permeability.
		0.6		1800.62	25.68
	0.30	0.2	25	1919.47	18.93
		0.4	25	1830.76	22.61
		0.6	26	1900.65	17.79
	0.34	0.2	26	1930.82**	18.51^**
		0.4	27	1928.92	15.31
		0.6	27	1949.16	15.28
RCAC	0.25	0.3	26	1732.09	28.90
		0.5	26	1760.17	27.60
		0.7	25	1679.85	32.21
	0.30	0.3	29	1965.03**	18.80**
		0.5		1895.99	19.74
		0.7		1976.58	16.79
	0.34	0.3	30	1963.81**	16.31**
		0.5		1991.14	15.75
		0.7		1950.81	17.39

[1] Corresponding author: Fernanda dos Santos Gentil. E-mail: nandasantos1855@hotmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Influence of cement paste thickness and volume of on pervious concrete properties

Influência da espessura e do volume da pasta de cimento nas propriedades dos concretos permeáveis

Abstract