The occurrence of Clostridium difficile in stool specimens from 175 children, 1 to 35 months old, was examined. Cycloserine-cefoxitin - fructose agar (CCFA) was employed for the primary isolation of the microorganism. In a group of 67 children without symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders and not under antimicrobial therapy the microorganism was isolated from 22.4% of them, while in another group of 28 children, also showing no symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders but under antimicrobial therapy, C. difficile was isolated from 50%. In a third group of 58 children with diarrhea and under antimicrobial therapy this microorganism was isolated from 13.8%. A similar ratio was found in a fourth group of 22 children with diarrhea but not under antimicrobial therapy. The highest percents of isolation of Clostridium difficile w h ere found among children with ages between 1 and 12 months old (28.1%). The results also showed that the children with gastrointestinal disorders had lower occurrence of this microorganism in stool specimens. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference between the children groups under antimicrobial therapy or not.