We inquiry, in the epidemiologic history of 42 patients with cryptococcosis, the contact with pigeon, trying to find the possible source of infection. Of these patients, the information compatible with ecologic niche of Cryptococcus neoformans was positive in 16. Fifty nine samples were recovered from soil, associated with pigeon habitat. We found C. neoformans in four occasions, one in the capital and three in the interior of state. C. neoformans, serotype A, recovered from a central spine fluid coincides with the serotype of the fungus recovered dowtown Porto Alegre, in a place suggested by the patient as possible source of infection, characterizing of a case of Cryptococcus neoformans. var. neoformans.