Abstract
This article examines the philosophy of praxis and contemporary challenges to social service. It is the result of a theoretical study that conducts a bibliographic review to revive an important discussion about Gramscian concepts such as philosophy of praxis, hegemony and organic intellectual. The objective is to demonstrate the new challenges faced by social service in times of neoliberalism of the "third path", and to reveal that Marxism, as a new higher philosophy, is capable of giving order to the new rationality. It concludes that in times of crisis and conservative revival, the profession faces a demand for a profound criticism of the advance of post-modern thinking, which promotes a way of thinking that does not go beyond the phenomenon and does not conceive of reality as a synthesis of multiple determinations.
Keywords:
Philosophy of praxis; Hegemony; Organic intelectual; Social Service.