Frailty syndrome among elderly and associated factors: comparison of two cities

Rodrigues, Rosalina Aparecida Partezani; Fhon, Jack Roberto Silva; Pontes, Maria de Lourdes de Farias; Silva, Antonia Oliveira; Haas, Vanderlei José; Santos, Jair Lício Ferreira

doi:10.1590/1518-8345.2897.3100

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Original Article • RLAERev Lat Am Enfermagem 26 • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.2897.3100 copy

Frailty syndrome among elderly and associated factors: comparison of two cities^* * This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001. Supported by Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil, grant #311030/2011-4.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective

to compare the frailty syndrome among elderly people living at home in two Brazilian cities and to identify factors related to sociodemographic and health-related variables.

Method

population-based cross-sectional study with 480 elderly individuals from the cities of Ribeirão Preto/SP and João Pessoa/PB, with application of the Mini Mental State Examination instruments and the Edmonton Frailty, Geriatric Depression and Lawton and Brody scales. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, Fisher’s test, Student’s t-test, Spermann’s correlation and Logistic regression were used. In all analyzes, the level of significance was set at p≤0.05.

Results

in relation to frailty, it was verified that living in Ribeirão Preto, presenting advanced age, low schooling, multiple chronic diseases, reduced cognitive status and functional capacity, besides depressive symptoms, are factors associated with the frailty syndrome, in both cities.

Conclusion

we identified that the frailty syndrome in the elderly of both cities has a relation with the place where the elderly person lives, age, schooling, number of diseases, reduction of cognitive status, functional capacity and presence of symptoms depressive.

Frailty; Aged; Aging; Geriatric Nursing; Comparative Study; Health of the Elderly

Variable	Category	Ribeirão Preto		João Pessoa		p*^†
Variable	Category	n	%	n	%	p*^†
Sex	Male	91	37.9	74	30.8	0.10
	Female	149	62.1	166	69.2
Age	60 – 64	44	18.3	48	20.0	0.93
	65 – 69	45	18.8	43	17.9
	70 – 74	49	20.4	48	20.0
	75 – 79	46	19.2	40	16.7
	80 or more	56	23.3	61	25.4
Marital status^‡	With partner	141	59.0	101	42.3	<0.001
	Without partner	98	41.0	138	57.7
Family arrangement^§	Alone	34	14.2	18	7.5	<0.001
	With partner	71	29.6	22	9.2
	Spouse, children, son-in-law or daughter-in-law	5	2.1	38	9.2
	With children	15	6.3	21	8.8
	Elderly, children and grandchildren	20	8.3	67	28.0
	Elderly and spouse	0	0.0	3	1.3
	With other elderly people	3	1.3	2	0.8
	With grandchildren	0	0.0	3	1.3
	Non-familial arrengement	54	22.5	58	24.2
Income	Retirement	148	61.7	128	53.3	0.03
	Retirement and other sources	37	15.4	59	24.6
	Other sources	55	22.9	53	22.1

Variable	Ribeirão Preto		p^†	João Pessoa		p^†

	Female	Male		Female	Male

	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)		Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
Age group
60 – 64	3.89 (1.60)	3.78 (1.39)	0.855	4.29 (1.96)	3.43 (2.53)	0.209
65 – 69	5.22 (2.86)	4.50 (2.46)	0.373	5.03 (2.47)	3.21 (3.14)	0.045
70 – 74	6.03 (3.39)	4.76 (2.75)	0.192	5.59 (3.19)	4.07 (3.32)	0.146
75 – 79	6.21 (2.41)	6.65 (3.16)	0.597	5.96 (3.00)	6.25 (2.90)	0.782
80 or more	8.27 (2.65)	7.31 (3.13)	0.220	6.95 (3.14)	7.25 (2.65)	0.715
Home Arrangement
Alone	5.70 (3.37)	7.29 (3.30)	0.275	5.24 (2.54)	2.00 (-)	0.233
Spouse	5.00 (3.11)	5.46 (2.95)	0.525	6.83 (3.30)	3.80 (3.46)	0.048
With family	6.21 (2.80)	5.89 (3.21)	0.649	5.41 (2.93)	4.66 (3.15)	0.169
Non-familial arrangement	6.40 (2.71)	5.21 (2.88)	0.138	5.95 (2.97)	6.78 (3.14)	0.338
Income
Retirement	5.99 (3.03)	6.04 (2.96)	0.913	6.10 (2.84)	5.24 (3.43)	0.131
Retirement and other sources	5.26 (2.73)	3.10 (2.77)	0.040	5.20 (3.34)	5.11 (3.32)	0.929
Other sources	6.08 (3.05)	5.57 (2.82)	0.639	5.14 (2.58)	3.70 (2.50)	0.116
Number of diseases
Spearman Correlation^†	0.488	0.500		0.445	0.608
p<0.05	<0.001	<0.001		<0.001	<0.001

Variable	Ribeirão Preto		p^†	João Pessoa		p^†
Variable	Female	Male	p^†	Female	Male	p^†
Frailty
Mean (=SD)	5.89 (2.98)	5.68 (3.04)	0.042	5.63 (2.93)	5.00 (3.29)	0.143
Median	6.00	6.00		5.00	4.50
Functional capacity
Mean (=SD)	18.38 (3.24)	17.46 (3.55)	0.573	17.23 (4.65)	15.84 (5.50)	0.045
Median	20.00	18.00		19.00	18.50
Depressive symptoms
Mean (=SD)	4.66 (3.40)	4.51 (3.24)	0.721	3.81 (2.98)	2.94 (2.42)	0.042
Median	4.00	4.00		3.00	2.50

Variable	β^†	Standard error	t	p^‡
Ribeirão Preto	0.485	0.210	2.307	0.022
Male	-0.307	0.185	-1.661	0.097
Age	0.028	0.012	2.417	0.016
Schooling	-0.097	0.016	-5.986	<0.001
Number of diseases	0.359	0.034	10.660	<0.001
With cognitive deficit	0.931	0.209	4.446	<0.001
IADL^§	-0.308	0.029	-10.670	<0.001
GDS^║	0.184	0.030	6.227	<0.001

Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 (16) 3315-3451 / 3315-4407 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rlae@eerp.usp.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Corresponding Author: Rosalina Aparecida Partezani Rodrigues E-mail: rosalina@eerp.usp.br