Acquiring of knowledge about sexual health by blind people: an action research

França, Inacia Sátiro Xavier de; Coura, Alexsandro Silva; Sousa, Francisco Stélio de; Aragão, Jamilly da Silva; Silva, Arthur Felipe Rodrigues; Santos, Sérgio Ribeiro dos

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Brasil

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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Original Article • Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 27 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.3006.3163 copy

Acquiring of knowledge about sexual health by blind people: an action research^* * Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil, grant #482371/2012-9.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective:

to evaluate knowledge about sexual health, with blind people, before and after educational intervention.

Method:

action research conducted with 58 blind people enrolled in a philanthropic educational institution. A form with sociodemographic and knowledge variables about Sexually Transmitted Infections was used. The Chi-square and Fisher tests were performed.

Results:

men presented higher frequency of alcoholism (p <0.001) and illicit drugs (p = 0.006). It was found that they used a male condom more frequently than women using a female condom (p = 0.003), although they had more knowledge about the prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections (p = 0.006). Among these infections, Trichomonas vaginalis (52.4%) was more frequent. Knowledge gaps on risk factors and safe sex were identified. After the intervention, an increase in the knowledge about sexual health was detected.

Conclusion:

the educational intervention, in the light of problematizing pedagogy, (re) constructed the knowledge on sexual health, empowering the participants regarding the prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections. Therefore, it is necessary that nurses carry out educational interventions with this clientele, aiming to soften deficits of knowledge about the thematic in screen.

Descriptors:
Nursing; Sexual Health; Blindness; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Knowledge; Health Education

Variables		Sex				p^‡ ‡ p = statistically significant values p<0.05;
		Men		Women
		n^† † n = absolute number;	%	n^† † n = absolute number;	%
Drinking
	Affirmed	25	83.0	0	0.0	<0.001^§ § p = Fisher's test;
	Denied	5	17.0	28	100.0
Use of prohibited drugs
	Affirmed	7	23.0	0	0.0	0.006^§ § p = Fisher's test;
	Denied	23	77.0	28	100.0
Condom use
	Always	8	27.0	0	0.0	0.003^§ § p = Fisher's test;
	Sometimes/Don't use	22	73.0	28	100.0
Knows ways to prevent
	Affirmed	23	77.0	28	100.0	0.006^§ § p = Fisher's test;
	Denied	7	23.0	0	0.0
Means of obtaining information
Radio
	Affirmed	11	37.0	26	93.0	<0.001^§ § p = Fisher's test;
	Denied	19	63.0	2	7.0
Television
	Affirmed	13	43.0	28	100.0	<0.001^§ § p = Fisher's test;
	Denied	17	57.0	0	0.0
Internet
	Affirmed	4	3.0	18	60.0	<0.001^§ § p = Fisher's test;
	Denied	26	97.0	10	40.0
Others
	Affirmed	15	50.0	22	79.0	0.023^║ ║ p = chi-square test
	Denied	15	50.0	6	21.0

Variables		n^† † n = absolute number	%
Sex life
	Active	34	58.6
	Not active	23	39.7
	Not informed	1	1.7
STI^* * STI = Sexually Transmitted Infections;
	Has had one	21	36.2
	Has never had one	37	63.8
Type of STI^* * STI = Sexually Transmitted Infections; they contracted
	Trichomonas vaginalis	11	52.4
	Neisseria gonorrhoeae	5	23.8
	Human Papillomavirus	1	4.8
	Did not know how to report	4	19.0

Signs and symptoms of STI ^* * STI = Sexually Transmitted Infections;	Before^† † Before (x2 = 29.14; p < 0.001);				After^‡ ‡ After (p = 0.005);
	Knew		Did not know		Knew		Did not know
	n^§ § n = absolute number	%	n^§ § n = absolute number	%	n^§ § n = absolute number	%	n^§ § n = absolute number	%
Burning or painful urination	47	81.0	11	19.0	52	89.7	6	10.3
Pain during sexual intercourse	41	70.7	17	29.3	57	98.3	1	1.7
Pain in the pelvic or abdominal region	36	62.1	22	37.9	53	91.4	5	8.6
Bullous or ulcerated lesions in the mouth	37	63.8	21	36.2	58	100.0	0	0.0
Purulent secretions in the penis, anus or vagina	43	74.1	15	25.9	58	100.0	0	0.0
Blisters, warts or ulcerations on the genitals	46	79.3	12	20.7	56	96.6	2	3.4
Enlargement of the ganglia of the inguinal region	24	41.4	34	58.6	51	88.0	7	12.0

Clinical complications of STIs^* * STI = Sexually Transmitted Infections;	Before^† † Before (x2 = 5.37; p < 0.371);				After^‡ ‡ After (p = 0.008);
	Knew		Did not know		Knew		Did not know
	n^§ § n = absolute number;	%	n^§ § n = absolute number;	%	n^§ § n = absolute number;	%	n^§ § n = absolute number;	%
Infertility	42	72.4	16	27.6	54	93.0	4	7.0
Chronic Pelvic Pain	34	58.6	24	41.4	50	86.0	8	14.0
Cancer	40	69.0	18	31.0	48	83.0	10	17.0
Abortion	39	67.2	19	32.8	44	76.0	14	24.0
Congenital infections	33	56.9	25	43.1	43	74.0	15	26.0
Facilitates HIV infection^║ ║ HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus	34	58.6	24	41.4	39	67.0	19	33.0

STI^* * STI = Sexually Transmitted Infections;	Before^† † Before (x2 = 191.50; p < 0.001);				After^‡ ‡ After (p < 0.001);
	Knew		Did not know		Knew		Did not know
	n^§ § n = absolute number	%	n^§ § n = absolute number	%	n^§ § n = absolute number	%	n^§ § n = absolute number	%
Hepatitis B	6	10.3	52	89.7	47	81.0	11	19.0
AIDS	57	98.0	1	2.0	58	100.0	0	0.0
Syphilis	38	66.0	20	34.0	58	100.0	0	0.0
Soft cancer	23	39.7	35	60.3	49	84.0	9	16.0
Herpes	22	37.9	36	62.1	49	84.0	9	16.0
Donovanose	6	10.3	52	89.7	36	62.0	22	38.0
Trichomoniasis	29	50.0	29	50.0	55	95.0	3	5.0
Chlamydia	5	8.6	53	91.4	44	76.0	14	24.0
Gonorrhea	45	77.6	13	22.4	58	100.0	0	0.0

Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 (16) 3315-3451 / 3315-4407 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rlae@eerp.usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Inacia Sátiro Xavier de França. E-mail: inacia.satiro@gmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Acquiring of knowledge about sexual health by blind people: an action research* * Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil, grant #482371/2012-9.

Objective:

Method:

Results:

Conclusion:

Acquiring of knowledge about sexual health by blind people: an action research^* * Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil, grant #482371/2012-9.