Factors related to the risk of illness of nursing staff at work in a psychiatric institution

Sousa, Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa; Zeitoune, Regina Célia Gollner; Portela, Luciana Fernandes; Tracera, Gisele Massante Peixoto; Moraes, Katerine Gonçalves; Figueiró, Rachel Ferreira Savary

doi:10.1590/1518-8345.3454.3235

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Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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Original Article • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 28 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.3454.3235 copy

Factors related to the risk of illness of nursing staff at work in a psychiatric institution^* * Paper extracted from doctoral dissertation “Fatores associados aos transtornos mentais comuns entre trabalhadores de enfermagem em um hospital psiquiátrico”, presented to Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective:

identify the associations between the sociodemographic, and work variables, health conditions and lifestyles, and the risks of illness of nursing workers in a psychiatric hospital.

Method:

analytical cross-sectional study. The sample of 74 workers answered a questionnaire for sociodemographic, work, health conditions and lifestyles survey characterization. The Work Context Assessment Scale and the Human Cost at Work Scale were used to evaluate the perception of the risks of illness in the interviewee’s opinion. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed, with significance of 5%.

Results:

the factors associated with the risk of illness were: insomnia complaints, night work and workday.

Conclusion:

the associations between the work variables, health conditions and life habits can harm the health of the nursing staff of a psychiatric hospital.

Descriptors:
Working Conditions; Psychiatric Nursing; Nursing, Team; Hospitals, Psychiatric; Mental Health; Occupational Health

Variable	n	Illness Risk
		Work organization			Socio-professional relations			Working conditions
		n(%)	OR^* * OR = Odds Ratio; (95%IC^† † CI = Confidence interval; )	p	(n)%	OR^* * OR = Odds Ratio; (95%IC^† † CI = Confidence interval; )	p	n(%)	OR^* * OR = Odds Ratio; (95%IC^† † CI = Confidence interval; )	p
Sex^‡ ‡ not possible to calculate the measure of association between the indicated variable and working conditions
Male	06	04(66.7)	1.0		04(66.7)	1.0		06(100)	-
Female	68	44(64.7)	0.91(0.15-5.37)	0.648	36(52.9)	0.56(0.09-3.27)	0.418	60(88.2)	-	0.490
Age Group
23 to 47 years old	30	20(66.7)	1.0		19(63.3)	1.0		26(86.7)	1.0
48 to 72 years old	44	28(63.6)	0.87(0.33-2.32)	0.789	21(47.7)	0.52(0.20-1.36)	0.186	40(90.9)	1.53(0.35-6.69)	0.416
Marital status
No partner	40	29(72.5)	1.0		21(52.5)	1.0		38(95.0)	1.0
With partner	34	19(55.9)	0.48(0.18-1.26)	0.136	19(55.9)	1.14(0.45-2.87)	0.771	28(82.4)	0.24(0.04-1.30)	0.085
Children (≤ 6 years)
No	65	43(66.2)	1.0		34(52.3)	1.0		59(90.8)	1,0
Yes	09	05(55.6)	0.64(0.15-2.62)	0.391	06(66.7)	1.82(0.42-7.92)	0.329	07(77.8)	0.35(0.06-2.11)	0.249
Category
Nurse	14	09(64.3)	1.0		06(42.9)	1.0		11(78.6)	1.0
Assistant/technician	60	39(65.0)	1.03(0.30-3.47)	0.595	34(56.7)	1.74(0.53-5.64)	0.351	55(91.7)	3.00(0.62-14.43)	0.169
Work hours ^‡ ‡ not possible to calculate the measure of association between the indicated variable and working conditions
≤ 30 hours per week	52	30(57.7)	1.0		26(50.0)	1.0		44(84.6)	-
> 30 hours per week	22	18(81.8)	3.30(0.97-11.12)	0.047	14(63.6)	1.75(0.62-4.87)	0.282	22(100)	-	0.051
Number of jobs
Just one	40	27(67.5)	1.0		24(60.0)	1.0		38(95.0)	1.0
Two or more	34	21(61.8)	0.77(0.29-2.02)	0.607	16(47.1)	0.59(0.23-1.49)	0.266	28(82.4)	0.24(0.04-1.30)	0.085
Night shift
No	32	20(62.5)	1.0		14(43.8)	1.0		28(87.5)	1.0
Yes	42	28(66.7)	1.20(0.45-3.13)	0.710	26(61.9)	2.08(0.82-5.32)	0.121	38(90.5)	1.35(0.31-5.89)	0.683
Physical activity
Yes	42	29(66.7)	1.0		23(54.8)	1.0		36(85.7)	1.0
No	32	20(62.5)	0.83(0.31-2.17)	0.710	17(53.1)	0.93(0.37-2.35)	0.889	30(93.8)	2.50(0.47-13.30)	0.238
Leisure time
Yes	58	36(62.1)	1.0		31(53.4)	1.0		51(87.9)	1.0
No	16	12(75.0)	1.83(0.52-6.39)	0.337	09(56.3)	1.12(0.36-3.41)	0.842	15(93.8)	2.05(0.23-18.08)	0.507
Health problems
Three diagnostics	55	36(65.5)	1.0		30(54.5)	1.0		49(89.1)	1.0
≥ 4 diagnostics	19	12(63.2)	0.90(0.30-2.67)	0.857	10(52.6)	0.92(0.32-2.63)	0.885	17(89.5)	1.04(0.19-5.65)	0.666
Insomnia complaints
No	49	30(61.2)	1.0		21(42.9)	1.0		43(87.9)	1.0
Yes	25	18(72.0)	1.62(0.57-4.63)	0.358	19(76.0)	4.22(1.43-12.41)	0.007	23(92.0)	1.60(0.30-8.59)	0.451

Variable	n	Risk of illness
		Affective cost			Cognitive cost			Physical cost
		n(%)	OR^* * OR = Odds Ratio; (95%IC^† † IC = Confidence interval )	p	(n)%	OR^* * OR = Odds Ratio; (95%IC^† † IC = Confidence interval )	p	n(%)	OR^* * OR = Odds Ratio; (95%IC^† † IC = Confidence interval )	p
Sex
Male	06	03(50.0)	1.0		05(83.3)	1.0		02(33.3)	1.0
Female	68	32(47.1)	0.88(0.16-4.72)	0.609	54(79.4)	0.77(0.08-7.14)	0.649	36(52.9)	2.25(0.38-13.11)	0.311
Age Group
23 to 47 years old	30	13(43.3)	1.0		24(80.0)	1.0		15(50.0)	1.0
48 to 72 years old	44	22(50.0)	1.30(0.51-3.32)	0.573	35(79.5)	0.97(0.30-3.09)	0.962	23(52.3)	1.09(0.43-2.77)	0.848
Marital status
No partner	40	17(42.5)	1.0		30(75.0)	1.0		18(45.0)	1.0
With partner	34	18(52.9)	1.52(0.60-3.81)	0.370	29(85.3)	1.93(0.58-6.34)	0.272	20(58.8)	1.74(0.69-4.40)	0.236
Children (≤ 6 years)
No	65	30(46.2)	1.0		51(78.5)	1.0		35(53.8)	1.0
Yes	09	05(55.6)	1.45(0.35-5.92)	0.430	08(88.9)	2.19(0.25-19.06)	0.415	03(33.3)	0.42(0.09-1.86)	0.213
Category
Nurse	14	06(42.9)	1.0		11(78.6)	1.0		05(35.7)	1.0
Assistant/technician	60	29(48.3)	1.24(0.38-4.03)	0.712	48(80.0)	1.09(0.26-4.53)	0.580	33(55.0)	2.20(0.65-7.34)	0.158
Work hours
≤ 30 hours per week	52	22(42.3)	1.0		40(76.9)	1.0		23(44.2)	1.0
> 30 hours per week	22	13(59.1)	1.97(0.71-5.42)	0.186	19(86.4)	1.90(0.47-7.53)	0.278	15(68.2)	2.70(0.94-7.72)	0.060
Number of jobs
Just one	40	22(55.0)	1.0		30(75.0)	1.0		21(52.5)	1.0
Two or more	34	13(38.2)	0.50(0.20-1.28)	0.150	29(85.3)	1.93(0.58-6.34)	0.272	17(50.0)	0.90(0.36-2.25)	0.830
Night shift
No	32	13(40.6)	1.0		24(75.0)	1.0		12(37.5)	1.0
Yes	42	22(52.4)	1.60(0.63-4.07)	0.316	35(83.3)	1.66(0.53-5.20)	0.377	26(61.9)	2.70(1.05-6.99)	0.037
Physical activity
Yes	42	19(45.2)	1.0		35(83.3)	1.0		22(52.4)	1.0
No	23	16(50.0)	1.21(0.48-3.04)	0.684	24(75.0)	0.60(0.19-1.87)	0.377	16(50.0)	0.90(0.36-2.28)	0.839
Leisure time
Yes	58	27(46.6)	1.0		44(75.9)	1.0		27(46.6)	1.0
No	16	08(50.0)	1.14(0.37-3.47)	0.807	15(93.8)	4.77(0.57-39.43)	0.105	11(68.8)	2.52(0.77-8.19)	0.116
Health problems
Three diagnostics	55	26(47.3)	1.0		42(76.4)	1.0		28(50.9)	1.0
≥ 4 diagnostics	19	09(47.4)	1.00(0.35-2.85)	0.994	17(89.5)	2.63(0.53-12.92)	0.188	10(52.6)	1.07(0.37-3.04)	0.555
Insomnia complaints
No	49	21(42.9)	1.0		36(73.5)	1.0		21(42.9)	1.0
Yes	25	14(56.0)	1.69(0.64-4.48)	0.284	23(92.0)	4.15(0.85-20.12)	0.061	17(68.0)	2.83(1.02-7.80)	0.041

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[1] Corresponding author: Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa Sousa. E-mail: kayohenriquejardel@hotmail.com