Sociodemographic factors and health conditions associated with the resilience of people with chronic diseases: a cross sectional study

Böell, Julia Estela Willrich; Silva, Denise Maria Guerreiro Vieira da; Hegadoren, Kathleen Mary

doi:10.1590/1518-8345.1205.2786

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Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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Original Articles • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 24 • 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.1205.2786 copy

Sociodemographic factors and health conditions associated with the resilience of people with chronic diseases: a cross sectional study^¹ 1 Paper extracted from Master's Thesis "Resiliência de pessoas com doenças crônicas: diabetes mellitus e insuficiência renal crônica terminal", presented to Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq, process # 402329/2010-4.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to investigate the association between resilience and sociodemographic variables and the health of people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Method:

a cross-sectional observational study performed with 603 people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus. A tool to collect socio-demographic and health data and the Resilience Scale developed by Connor and Davidson were applied. A descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed.

Results:

the study participants had on average 61 years old (SD= 13.2), with a stable union (52.24%), religion (96.7%), retired (49.09%), with primary education (65%) and income up to three minimum wages. Participants with kidney disease showed less resilience than people with diabetes.

Conclusion:

the type of chronic illness, disease duration, body mass index and religious beliefs influenced the resilience of the study participants.

Descriptors:
Resilience, Psychological; Chronic Disease; Nursing; Diabetes Mellitus; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 (16) 3315-3451 / 3315-4407 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rlae@eerp.usp.br

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[1] Corresponding Author: Julia Estela Willrich Boell Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Departamento de Enfermagem Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n Bairro: Trindade CEP: 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil E-mail: juliaestela_8@hotmail.com

Variable		People with DM2^* n^†=412 n(%)	People with CKD^‡ n^†=191 n(%)	Total Sample n^†=603 n(%)
Age group
	Adult	129(32,0)	120(63,0)	249(41,3)
	Elderly	283(68,0)	71(37,0)	354(58,7)
Religion
	No religion	14(3,3)	6(3,2)	20(3,3)
	With religion	398(96,7)	185(96,8)	583(96,7)
Marital Status
	Without a partner	203(50,3)	85(44,5)	288(47,8)
	Stable Union	209(50,7)	106(55,5)	315(52,2)
Education
	Never Studied	29(7,0)	12(6,0)	41(6,8)
	1st to 5th grade	284(69,0)	107(56,0)	312(51,7)
	6th to 8th grade	77(19,0)	39(21,0)	129(21,4)
	High School	3(1,0)	14(7,0)	36(6,0)
	Undergraduate	19(4,0)	19(10,0)	85(14,1)
Economically active
	Do not Work	97(23,5)	27(14,0)	124(20,6)
	Work	100(24,3)	24(12,5)	124(20,6)
	Retired	215(52,2)	140(73,5)	355(58,8)
Monthly Income
	Up to 1 MW^§	125(42,0)	22(31,0)	22(6,0)
	>1 MW up to 3 MW	121(41,0)	34(47,0)	278(75,5)
	>3 MW	50(17,0)	16(22,0)	68(18,5)

Variable		People with DM2^* (n^†=412)	People with CKD^‡ (n^†=191)	Total Sample (n^†=603)
Disease time in years
	Mean (SD)^§	10,7 (8,4)	8,3 (6,7)	10,0 (8,0)
Complications
	Yes	33,0%	57,0%	41,0%
	No	67,0%	43,0%	59,0%
Other Diseases
	Yes	96,0%	57,0%	79,0%
	No	4,0%	43,0%	21,0%
Hypertension^\|\|
	Yes	78,0%	77,0%	77,0%
	No	22,0%	23,0%	23,0%
BMI
	Mean (SD)^§	30(5,5)	23,3(5,8)	28,1(6,3)

Variables		Mean Resilience (IC* 95%)	Ratio of Gross Income† (IC95%)	Value p‡	Average Ratio Adjusted§ (IC95%)
Gender				<0,001
	Feminine	77,9 (76,7-79,1)	1,13 (1,10-1,16)		1,02 (0,96-1,08)
	Masculine	68,9 (65,7-72,2)	1		1
Age Group				0,008
	Adult	75,1 (73,3-77,0)	1		1
	Elderly	77,0 (75,5-78,6)	1,03 (1,01-1,04)		1,02 (0,98-1,05)
Chronic Disease				<0,001
	DM2^\|\|	79,8 (78,5-81,0)	1		1
	CKD^¶	67,5 (64,8-70,2)	0,85 (0,83-0,87)		0,85 (0,80-0,90)
	DM2^\|\| and CKD^¶	72,5 (68,8-76,2)	0,91 (0,88-0,94)		0,97 (0,91-1,03)
Religion				0,001
	No religion	70,3 (61,2-79,4)	1		1
	With religion	76,5 (75,3-77,6)	1,09 (1,03-1,15)		1,13 (1,06-1,20)
Marital Status				0,182
	Without a partner	76,7 (75,1-78,5)	1		1
	Married/stable union	75,8 (74,2-77,5)	0,98 (0,97-1,01)		0,98 (0,95-1,00)
Education				0,005
	Never studied	75,4 (71,3-79,6)	1		1
	1st to 5th grade	76,8 (75,2-78,4)	1,02(0,98-1,06)		0,99 (0,94-1,03)
	6th to 8th grade	76,4 (73,7-79,1)	1,01 (0,97-1,05)		1,02 (0,97-1,08)
	High School	78,9 (75,1-82,8)	1,04 (0,99-1,10)		1,04 (0,97-1,12)
	Undergraduate	73,3 (69,9-76,9)	0,97 (0,93-1,01)		0,96 (0,90-1,02)
Economically Active				<0,001
	Doesn't work	77,3 (74,8-79,7)	1		1
	Works	80,0 (77,7-82,4)	1,04 (1,01-1,06)		0,98 (0,92-1,04)
	Retired	74,6 (73,0-76,2)	0,96 (0,94-0,99)		0,96 (0,91-1,01)
Income				0,145
	To 1 MW^**	78,6 (72,7-84,5)	1		1
	>1 MW to 3 MW	78,5 (76,9-80,1)	0,99 (0,95-1,05)		0,99 (0,94-1,06)
	>3 MW	76,2 (72,2-80,2)	0,97 (0,92-1,02)		0,96 (0,90-1,02)
Duration of Disease				0,014
	Until 5 years	77,0 (75,1-79,0)	1		1
	6 - 10 years	75,2 (72,9-77,4)	0,98 (0,95-0,99)		0,95 (0,92-0,98)
	11 - 15 years	74,5 (71,5-77,5)	0,96 (0,93-0,99)		0,97 (0,94-1,01)
	>16 years	77,6 (75,0-80,2)	1,01 (0,98-1,03)		0,95 (0,91-0,98)
Complications				<0,001
	No	77,5 (76,0-79,0)	1		1
	Yes	74,5 (72,7-76,3)	0,96 (0,94-0,98)		1,00 (0,97-1,03)
Hypertension^††				0,254
	No	75,5 (73,0-78,0)	1
	Sim	76,5 (75,1-77,8)	1,01 (0,99-1,03)
Other Diseases				<0,001
	No	68,7 (65,8-71,5)	1		1
	Yes	78,2 (77,0-79,5)	(1,11-1,16)		1,03 (0,98-1,08)
BMI^‡‡				<0,001
	Ideal Weight	71,3 (69,2-73,4)	1		1
	Overweight	76,8 (74,6-79,1)	1,08 (1,05-1,10)		1,03 (0,99-1,08)
	Obesity grade I	81,6 (79,6-83,7)	1,14 (1,11-1,17)		1,06 (1,02-1,09)
	Obesity grade II	79,7 (76,1-83,2)	1,12 (1,08-1,16)		1,03 (0,98-1,09)
	Morbid Obesity	80,2 (74,6-85,8)	1,12 (1,07-1,18)		1,03 (0,98-1,09)