Academic motivation scale - reliability and validity evidence among undergraduate nursing students

Souza, Geisa Colebrusco de; Meireles, Everson; Mira, Vera Lúcia; Leite, Maria Madalena Januário

doi:10.1590/1518-8345.3848.3420

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Brasil

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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Brasil

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Original Article • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 29 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.3848.3420 copy

Academic motivation scale - reliability and validity evidence among undergraduate nursing students^* * Paper extracted from doctoral dissertation “Motivation and autonomy of nursing undergraduate students in the light of Self-Determination Theory”, presented to Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective:

to assess the evidence of validity and reliability of the academic motivation scale (AMS) based on the internal structure.

Method:

this is a methodological study with 205 undergraduate nursing students. Dimensionality/internal structure of the AMS was assessed using factor analysis in the context of exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and reliability of the factors was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha (α) coefficient and composite reliability (CR) coefficient.

Results:

acceptable fit indexes were obtained (CFI = 0.92; RMSEA = 0.07; SRMR = 0.06) for a three-dimensional model: intrinsic motivation (10 items; α = 0.84; CR = 0.86); extrinsic motivation (8 items; α = 0.84; CR = 0.90); and demotivation (4 items; α = 0.84; CR = 0.88). A significant correlational pattern was found for the motivation continuum.

Conclusion:

the dimensionality analysis for the AMS presented a model with three factors: intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and demotivation, and was considered a reduced alternative to the original version of seven factors. This study helped assess the validity of the measurement instrument and its theory refinement; further studies should be conducted to assess its invariance property.

Descriptors:
Motivation; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; Validation Studies; Reproducibility of Results; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Psychometrics

Type of motivation (motivation continuum)		Items related to the original construct	Score
Intrinsic motivation	To know	02; 09; 16; 23	1 - 7
	To accomplish things	06; 13; 20; 27	1 - 7
	To experience stimulation	04; 11; 18; 25	1 - 7
Extrinsic motivation	Identified regulation	03; 10; 17; 24	1 - 7
	Introjected regulation	07; 14; 21; 28	1 - 7
	External regulation	01; 08; 15; 22	1 - 7
Demotivation	Absence of motivation	05; 12; 19; 26	1 - 7

Item	F1^* * Correlation coefficients estimated at the level of p ≤0.05; Extrinsic motivation	F2^* * Correlation coefficients estimated at the level of p ≤0.05; Intrinsic motivation	F3^* * Correlation coefficients estimated at the level of p ≤0.05; Demotivation	rit^† † item-total correlation coefficient.
22	0.94	-0.20	-0.04	0.71
8	0.88	-0.13	-0.03	0.73
15	0.82	-0.31	0.01	0.61
1	0.68	-0.11	0.02	0.54
7	0.63	0.07	0.39	0.52
24	0.62	0.00	-0.41	0.42
14	0.61	0.21	0.19	0.61
28	0,54	0.30	0.28	0.53
11	-0.16	0.73	-0.21	0.59
9	0.10	0.72	-0.20	0.69
16	0.01	0.66	-0.40	0.60
18	-0.14	0.64	0.07	0.49
25	-0.15	0.64	0.04	0.47
20	0.10	0.58	-0.05	0.54
4	-0.09	0.57	-0.21	0.45
2	0.02	0.55	-0.30	0.50
6	0.32	0.52	-0.01	0.58
13	0.37	0.51	0.03	0.52
26	0.10	-0.02	0.93	0.63
5	-0.10	-0.12	0.78	0.58
19	0.09	-0.21	0.78	0.54
12	-0.01	0.10	0.69	0,48
Number of items	08	10	04
Eigenvalue	9.09	3.70	2.83
Cronbach's alpha (α)	0.84	0.84	0.71
Composite reliability (CR)	0.90	0.86	0.88
Average variance extracted (AVE)	0.53	0.38	0.64

Factors	F1^* * Correlation coefficients estimated at the level of p ≤0.05 . Extrinsic Motivation	F2^* * Correlation coefficients estimated at the level of p ≤0.05 . Intrinsic Motivation	F3^* * Correlation coefficients estimated at the level of p ≤0.05 . Demotivation
F1. Extrinsic Motivation	0.73
F2. Intrinsic Motivation	0.45	0.62
F3. Demotivation	-0.15	-0.11	0.80

Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 (16) 3315-3451 / 3315-4407 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rlae@eerp.usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Geisa Colebrusco de Souza. E-mail: geisacole@gmail.com