Mechanical and Durability Properties of Recycled Aggregate Concrete

Nanya, Carolina Shimomura; Ferreira, Fernanda Giannotti da Silva; Capuzzo, Valdirene Maria da Silva

doi:10.1590/S1517-707620210004.1373

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Articles • Matéria (Rio J.) 26 (04) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-707620210004.1373 copy

Mechanical and Durability Properties of Recycled Aggregate Concrete

Propriedades mecânicas e durabilidade de concretos com agregado reciclado

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates how the use of construction and demolition waste can affect the durability and affect the mechanical performance of concrete. tests such as compressive strength, tensile strength by diametral compression and modulus of elasticity were performed. Regarding durability, tests such as water immersion, void content and specific mass, water absorption by capillarity, electrical resistivity, the penetration depth of chloride ions, accelerated carbonation and a test evaluating the synergic effect of carbon dioxide and chloride ion penetration were performed. The coarse natural aggregate was replaced with coarse recycled aggregate in concrete mixes at the following ratios: 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100%. The results indicate that the parameters of the concrete produced with recycled aggregate, especially up to 50% replacement level, meet the concrete quality requirements, regarding the mechanical properties and durability.

Keywords
Civil Construction Residue; Concrete; Electrical Resistivity; Chloride Ions; Accelerated Carbonation

PARAMETERS		VALUES
Specific mass (NBR NM 23:2001)		2.99 g/cm³
Fineness index (NBR 11579:2012)		0.84%
Normal consistency paste (NBR NM 65:2003)		a/c = 0.40
Initial set (NBR NM 43:2002)		1:20 h
Final set (NBR NM 43:2002)		2:10 h
Compressive strength (MPa) (NBR 5739:2011)	3 days	37.6
	7 days	40.6
	28 days	48.5
CaO		76.12 %
SiO₂		9.10 %
Fe2O₃		4.09 %
SO₃		2.73 %
Al₂O₃		2.45 %
MgO		2.34 %
K₂O		1.90 %
TiO₂		0.49 %
SrO		0.48 %
MnO		0.06 %

PARAMETERS	OBTAINED VALUES
Specific mass of the dry aggregate (g/cm³) (NBR NM 53:2009)	2.79
Specific mass of the aggregate in the saturated dry surface condition (g/cm³) (NBR NM 53:2009)	2.80
Apparent specific mass (g/cm³) (NBR NM 53:2009)	2.82
Water absorption (%) (NBR NM 53:2009)	0.30
Unit mass of natural gravel composition (g/cm³) (NBR NM 45:2006)	1.44

MATERIAL	PARAMETERS	VALUES
Recycled gravel D_máx = 25.0 mm	Specific mass of the dry aggregate (g/cm³) (NBR NM 53:2009)	2.35
	Specific mass of the aggregate in the saturated dry surface condition (g/cm³) (NBR NM 53:2009)	2.49
	Apparent specific mass (g/cm³) (NBR NM 53:2009)	2.72
	Unit mass (kg/m³) (NBR NM 45:2006)	1441.40
	Water absorption (%) (NBR NM 53:2009)	5.85
Recycled gravel D_máx = 9.5 mm	Mass specific of the dry aggregate (g/cm³) (NBR NM 53:2009)	2.45
	Specific mass of the aggregate in the saturated dry surface condition (g/cm³) (NBR NM 53:2009)	2.55
	Apparent specific mass (g/cm³) (NBR NM 53:2009)	2.78
	Water absorption (%) (NBR NM 53:2009)	5.22

CONCRETE COMPOSITION
Trace	Recycled aggregate content	Cement	Sand	Recycled aggregate	Gravel	SP additive (%)	w/c ratio	w/c effective ratio	Specific mass (g/cm³)	Cement consumption (kg/m³)
REF	0%	1	24	--	76	31	55	-	3881	6
30RCC	30%	1	24	76	93	17	55	59	3305	0
50RCC	50%	1	24	26	38	39	55	62	2779	4
70RCC	70%	1	24	77	83	21	55	65	3067	0
100RCC	100%	1	24	53	-	43	55	70	2436	0

TESTS		METHODOLOGY	AGE
Mechanical and physical evaluation	Compressive strength	NBR 5739:2007	7, 14, 28 and 91 days
	Tensile strength by diametrical compression	NBR 7222:2011	28 days
	Modulus of elasticity	NBR 8522:2008	28 days
	Water absorption by immersion	NBR 9779:2012	28 days
	Water absorption by capillarity	NBR 9778:1987	28 days
Durability assessment	Volumetric electrical resistivity	AASHTO TP119-15	28, 63 and 114 days
	Surface electrical resistivity	ASTM G57-06	28, 63 and 114 days
	Penetration depth of chloride ions by drying and wetting cycles	Colorimetric with 0.1M AgNO₃ spray	28, 63 and 91 days
	Depth of carbonation	ISO 1920-12	28 days
	Penetration depth of chlorides by drying and wetting cycles after carbonation	Colorimetric with 0.1M AgNO₃ spray	28, 63 and 91 days

CONCRETE SPECIMENS	ABSORPTION (%)		I.V. (%)		SPECIFIC DRY MASS (g/cm³)
CONCRETE SPECIMENS	MEAN	STANDARD DEVIATION (SD)	MEAN	SD	MEAN	SD
REF	4.4	0.21	10.2	0.03	2.303	0.009
30RCC	6.0	0.30	14.0	0.04	2.215	0.012
50RCC	6.4	0.15	15.1	0.10	2.215	0.012
70RCC	5.2	0.11	12.6	0.09	2.206	0.004
100RCC	7.7	0.07	17.3	0.19	2.096	0.017

	VOLUMETRIC ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY
Concrete	Standard AASHTO TP 119-15
Concrete	28 days	63 days	114 days
REF	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
30RCC	Alto	Moderate	Moderate
50RCC	Alto	Moderate	Moderate

SURFACE ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY
	Penetration of chloride ions			Risk of Corrosion
Concrete	Standard AASHTO TP 119-15			COST 509			CEB 192
Concrete	28 days	63 days	114 days	28 days	63 days	114 days	28 days	63 days	114 days
REF	Low	Low	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Low	Low
30RCC	Moderate	Low	Low	High	Moderate	Moderate	High	Low	Low
50RCC	Moderate	Low	Low	High	Moderate	Moderate	High	Low	Low

Laboratório de Hidrogênio, Coppe - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, em cooperação com a Associação Brasileira do Hidrogênio, ABH2 Av. Moniz Aragão, 207, 21941-594, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, Tel: +55 (21) 3938-8791 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: revmateria@gmail.com

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[1] Autor Responsável: Carolina Shimomura Nanya