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Artigos • Matéria (Rio J.) 24 (3) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-707620190003.0731 copy

Application of adsorptive process for desulphursation of fuel using coconut fiber as adsorbents

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The development of more efficient and low-cost adsorbents to remove sulfur compounds has been improving, for instance, processes used in oil refining. Efficiency of desulfurization is correlated to the characteristics found in the adsorbent such as adsorption capacity, durability and regenerateness. This study aims to prepare coconut fiber impregnated with nickel and evaluate its adsorptive capacity of sulfur compounds such as the thiophene present in fuels. The utilized adsorbent was coconut fiber (mesocarp) obtained in the city of Quixadá, state of Ceará, and the adsorbate was thiophene in n-hexane solution. During an adsorbent characterization test it could be observed that the number of proton charges in the surface of both natural and modified fibers is a function of pH. The materials showed adsorptive capacity of 35,0 mg.g^-1 of the sulfur compound. In the balance study, isotherm was best represented by the math model of Redlich-Peterson, which indicates heterogeneity in the adsorption sites. Adsorption kinetics was more adequate with the pseudo-second order model.

Keywords
Fuels; Sulfur; Adsorption

Amostra	Sistema	Área relativa	Concentração Final (ppm)	Adsorção (%)	Qe (mg.g^-1)	s (mg.g^-1)
1	Controle	1	50,0	-	-	-
2	Fibra natural	0,286	14,3	71,4	35,7	0,007
3	Fibra ativada	0,282	14,1	71,8	35,9	0,004

Fibra	k₁ (min)^-1	R²	Q_e (cal) (mg.g^-1)	Q_e (exp) (mg.g^-1)
In natura	0,0364	0,9876	43,86	35,63
Modificada	0,0525	0,9798	44,51	35,77

Fibra	k² (g.mg^-1.min^-1)	R²	Q_e (cal) (mg.g^-1)	Q_e (exp) (mg.g^-1)
In natura	0,0178	0,9847	34,23	35,63
Modificada	0,0228	0,9887	33,87	35,77

Modelo	Q_máx		K_L		R²	SSE
Langmuir	37,493		0,694		0,975	2,504
Freudlich	43,081		0,612		0,957	4,632
	Q_máx		a	b	R²	SSE
Redlich-	35,127		1,679	0,231	0,979	1,510
Peterson	35,127		1,679	0,231	0,979	1,510
	Q_máx	K_T	B		R²	SSE
Temkin	43,825	3,570	1,469		0,985	1,771

Modelo	Q_máx		K_L		R²	SSE
Langmuir	41,493		0,694		0,989	1,849
Freudlich	42,015		0,612		0,957	5,225
	Q_máx		a	b	R²	SSE
Redlich-	37,530		1,812	0,124	0,998	1,144
Peterson	37,530		1,812	0,124	0,998	1,144
	Q_máx	K_T	B		R²	SSE
Temkin	43,825	3,124	2,685		0,985	2,310
	A				B

Adsorvente	Analito	Qe_máx (mg.g^-1)	Condições^ FO = Fase Orgânica; FA = Fase Aquosa; fl = fluxo; Co = Concentração inicial;	Referência
Fibra do coco	Tiofeno	35,60	FO, em batelada, 0,10 g de adsorvente e Co de 50 ppm.	Nesse estudo
^* * Obtido da casca do coco Carbono ativado	Carbofurano	150,00	FA, em batelada, 0,20 g adsorvente e C_o varáveis	[²⁴24 NJOKU, V.O., SLAM, M.A., ASIF, M., et al., “Preparation of mesoporous activated carbon from coco-nut frond for the adsorption of carbofuran insecticide”, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, v. 110, n. 6, pp. 172-180, Nov. 2014.]
^* * Obtido da casca do coco Carbono ativado	Fenol	120,00	FA, em batelada, 100 g adsorvente e Co varáveis.	[¹³13 KARRI, R.R., SAHU, J.N., JAYAKUMAR, N.S., “Optimal isotherm parameters for phenol adsorption from aqueous solutions onto coconut shell based activated carbon: Error analysis of linear and non-linear methods”, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, v. 80, n. 10, pp. 472-487, Nov. 2017.]
Fibra do coco	Azul de metileno	25,00	FA, em batelada,	[¹⁵15 ALJEBOREE, A.M., ALSHIRIFI, A.N. e ALKAIM, A.F., “Kinetics and equilibrium study for the ad-sorption of textile dyes on coconut shell activated carbon”, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, v. 10, n. 2, pp. S3381-S3393, May. 2017.]
Fibra do coco	Amarelo direto	6,00	0,05 mg de adsorvente e Co variáveis
Fibra do coco	Naftaleno	5,85	FA, em batelada, 0,015 g de adsorvente e Co de 100 ppm.	[²⁵25 LUIS-ZARATE, V.H., RODRIGUEZ-HERNANDEZ, M.C., ALATRISTE-MONDRAGON, F., et al., “Coconut endocarp and mesocarp as both biosorbents of dissolved hydrocarbons in fuel spills and as a power source when exhausted”. Journal of Environmental Management, v. 211, n. 7, p. 103-111, Apr, 2018.]
Fibra do coco	Cromo (VI)	4,50	FA, em batelada, 10 g de adsorvente e Co de 100 ppm.	[¹⁴14 CHWASTOWSKI, J., STARON, P.‚ KOLOCZEK, H., et al., “Adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions using Canadian peat and coconut fiber”. Journal of Molecular Liquids, v. 248, n. 24, pp. 981-989, Dec. 2017.]
Fibra do coco	Mercúrio (Hg⁰)	0,96	FA, em batelada, 0,50 g de adsorvente e Co variáveis	[²⁶26 JOHARI, K., SAMAN, N., SONG, S.T., et al., “Adsorption enhancement of elemental mercury by vari-ous surface modified coconut husk as eco-friendly low-cost adsorbents”, International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, v. 109, n.1, pp. 45-52, Apr. 2016.]

Laboratório de Hidrogênio, Coppe - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, em cooperação com a Associação Brasileira do Hidrogênio, ABH2 Av. Moniz Aragão, 207, 21941-594, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, Tel: +55 (21) 3938-8791 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: revmateria@gmail.com

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