Performance study of cold-formed steel channel joist with web opening subjected to flexural loading

Duraimurugan, KSowrirajan Krishnamoorthy; Baskar, Rajaram

doi:10.1590/1517-7076-RMAT-2024-0116

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Articles • Matéria (Rio J.) 29 (3) • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-7076-RMAT-2024-0116 copy

Performance study of cold-formed steel channel joist with web opening subjected to flexural loading

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study presents the structural behaviour of cold-formed steel joists with different web-opening shapes. The investigation incorporated both experimental and analytical approaches. The study involved the selection of square and circular web openings, and channel sections were chosen based on site-specific design considerations. In the experimental phase, channel joists were subjected to flexural loading and tested. An analytical investigation was conducted. Finite element (FE) models were developed using the FEM software ANSYS APDL version 16.2. FE models were used to simulate the structural response of the channel joist when subjected to flexural loading. A parametric study was conducted on the basis of simulation and experimental investigation. Factors that influence stiffness and load-carrying capacity considering variables in cold-formed steel channel joists were analyzed. Analytical investigations were conducted. Based on this result analysis, significant effects were observed, indicating a better agreement between the analytical and experimental results. In addition, it was shown that channel joists with circular web openings provide high efficiency in terms of load-carrying capacity and stiffness in web-opening shapes.

Keywords:
Cold-formed steel; Channel joist; Finite element analysis; Web opening types; Static flexural loading

SL. NO.	BEAM DESIGNATION	JOISTS SECTION (mm)	JOISTS DEPTH (mm)	WEB OPENING TYPE
1.	CFSJNP20YS1	200 × 60 × 2.5	200	No perforation
2.	CFSJNP15YS1	150 × 60 × 2.5	150	No perforation
3.	CFSJSQ20YS1	200 × 60 × 2.5	200	Square
4.	CFSJSQ15YS1	150 × 60 × 2.5	150	Square
5.	CFSJCIR20YS1	200 × 60 × 2.5	200	Circle
6.	CFSJCIR15YS1	150 × 60 × 2.5	150	Circle

MATERIAL	YIELD STRENGTH (N/mm²)	ULTIMATE STRENGTH (N/mm²)	ELASTIC MODULUS (N/mm²)	ELONGATION (mm)
Grade 2 (YS2)	345	460	2.02 × 10⁵	18

S.NO.	JOIST DESIGNATION	MAXIMUM LOAD (kN)	MAXIMUM CENTRAL DEFLECTION (mm)	MAXIMUM STRAIN (mm/mm)	STIFFNESS (N/mm)
1.	CFSJNP20YS1	6.25	168.52	0.0029	76.13
2.	CFSJNP15YS1	5.75	145.86	0.0026	60.31
3.	CFSJSQ20YS1	6.00	111.72	0.0030	82.57
4.	CFSJSQ15YS1	5.00	122.54	0.0032	60.56
5.	CFSJCIR20YS1	6.00	103.32	0.0028	89.52
6.	CFSJCIR15YS1	5.50	114.73	0.0029	71.53

S.No.	ELEMENT TYPE	MATERIAL PROPERTIES INPUT
1.	Solid185	Young’s Modulus EX: 2.02 × 10⁵ N/mm² Poisson’s ratio PRXY: 0.2 Yield Stress: 250 N/mm² Tangent modulus:16000 N/mm²

S.No.	JOIST DESIGNATION	HEIGHT OF JOIST (mm)	MAXIMUM LOAD LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY (kN)	MAXIMUM STRESS (N/mm²)
1.	CFSJNP20YS1	200	6.25	587.69
2.	CFSJNP15YS1	150	5.25	499.77
3.	CFSJSQ20YS1	200	5.75	411.95
4.	CFSJSQ15YS1	150	5.00	601.5
5.	CFSJCIR20YS1	200	5.75	532.41
6.	CFSJCIR15YS1	150	5.50	464.61

S.No.	JOIST DESIGNATION	MAXIMUM LOAD LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY (kN)	MAXIMUM CENTRAL DEFLECTION (mm)	STIFFNESS N/mm
1.	CFSJNP20YS1	6.25	165.31	69.66
2.	CFSJNP15YS1	5.25	143.012	56.73
3.	CFSJSQ20YS1	5.75	106.26	79.744
4.	CFSJSQ15YS1	5.00	120.33	58.63
5.	CFSJCIR20YS1	5.75	101.121	84.99
6.	CFSJCIR15YS1	5.50	112.88	65.23

S.No.	JOIST DESIGNATION	MAXIMUM LOAD LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY (kN)	MAXIMUM CENTRAL DEFLECTION (mm)
1.	CFSJNP20YS1	6.25	165.31
2.	CFSJNP15YS1	5.25	143.012
3.	CFSJSQ20YS1	5.75	106.26
4.	CFSJSQ15YS1	5.00	120.33
5.	CFSJCIR20YS1	5.75	101.121
6.	CFSJCIR15YS1	5.50	112.88

S.No.	JOIST DESIGNATION	MAXIMUM LOAD LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY (kN) (EXP)	MAXIMUM LOAD LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY (kN) (FEA)	VARIATION IN LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY (%)
1.	CFSJNP20YS1	6.25	6.25	–
2.	CFSJNP15YS1	5.75	5.25	8.69
3.	CFSJSQ20YS1	6.00	5.75	4.16
4.	CFSJSQ15YS1	5.00	5.00	–
5.	CFSJCIR20YS1	6.00	5.75	8.69
6.	CFSJCIR15YS1	5.50	5.50	–

S.No.	JOIST DESIGNATION	STIFFNESS (N/mm) (EXP)	DEFLECTION (mm) (EXP)	STIFFNESS (N/mm) (FEA)	DEFLECTION (mm) (FEA)	VARIATION IN LOAD STIFFNESS (%)
1.	CFSJNP20YS1	76.13	168.52	69.66	165.31	8.49
2.	CFSJNP15YS1	60.31	145.86	56.73	143.012	5.93
3.	CFSJSQ20YS1	82.57	111.72	79.744	106.26	3.42
4.	CFSJSQ15YS1	60.56	122.54	58.63	120.33	3.18
5.	CFSJCIR20YS1	89.52	103.32	84.99	101.121	5.06
6.	CFSJCIR15YS1	71.53	114.73	65.23	112.88	8.80

Laboratório de Hidrogênio, Coppe - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, em cooperação com a Associação Brasileira do Hidrogênio, ABH2 Av. Moniz Aragão, 207, 21941-594, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, Tel: +55 (21) 3938-8791 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: revmateria@gmail.com

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[1] Corresponding Author: KSowrirajan Krishnamoorthy Duraimurugan, e-mail: kskduraimuruganphdau@gmail.com, rajaram_baskar@rediffmail.com