Alimentação escolar em tempos de Covid-19: mapeamento das estratégias de execução da política pública pelos gestores estaduais

CORRÊA, Elizabeth Nappi; NEVES, Janaina das; SOUZA, Lidiamara Dornelles de; LORINTINO, Camila da Silva; PORRUA, Priscila; VASCONCELOS, rancisco de Assis Guedes de

Brasil

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THEMATIC SECTION HUNGER, FOOD AND NUTRITION AND COVID-19 • Rev Nutr 33 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9865202033e200169 copiar

Alimentação escolar em tempos de Covid-19: mapeamento das estratégias de execução da política pública pelos gestores estaduais

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Objetivo

Identificar e discutir estratégias de execução do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar adotadas pelas gestões estaduais durante a pandemia de coronavírus 2019.

Métodos

Trata-se de pesquisa transversal descritiva. Foram realizadas visitas exploratórias nas páginas oficiais dos governos estaduais e do Distrito Federal para obtenção de informações a respeito das estratégias de execução do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar após a suspensão das aulas pela pandemia por de COVID-19. As informações sobre a forma de execução e o público atendido pela ação foram analisadas de modo descritivo.

Resultados

Das 27 unidades federativas, 55% distribuíram kits de alimentos, 26% entregaram cartão/vale alimentação e 19% forneceram kits de alimentos e cartão/vale alimentação. Com relação à abrangência, 37% mantiveram atendimento universal, 30% atenderam escolares de famílias cadastradas no Programa Bolsa Família e 26% atenderam escolares de famílias registradas no Cadastro Único.

Conclusão

Verificou-se a fragilidade do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar quanto à garantia do Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada e da Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional. A morosidade do gestor federal e lacunas das normativas expedidas podem explicar as modificações nas estratégias relatadas e que, em sua maioria, ferem o princípio da universalidade.

Palavras-chave
Coronavirus; Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional; Quarentena; Alimentação Escolar

Region	UF	Total of school-children^* * Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação [22];	Total of schools^ Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação [23].	Execution forms	Students attended
North	AC	179,600	635	Distribution of non-perishable food kits	Schoolchildren of families registered with the PBF¹ 1 PBF: The Brazilian cash transfer program (Bolsa Família);
	AM	474,031	720	Distribution of non-perishable food kits	All
	AP	127,909	395	Distribution of non-perishable food kits	All
	PA	599,808	886	Food card in the amount of R$ 75 exclusively for the purchase of food. Distribution of food kits to indigenous schools	All
	RO	210,006	440	Food card in the amount of R$ 80 exclusively for the purchase of food. Distribution of food kits to indigenous schools	Schoolchildren of families registered in the CadÚnico² 2 CadÚnico: Underprivileged Families Record;
	RR	75,596	383	Distribution of perishable and less perishable food kits from school stocks	Schoolchildren of families registered in the CadÚnico² 2 CadÚnico: Underprivileged Families Record;
Northeast	AL	187,885	309	At first distribution of food kit Then, Food vouchers worth R$ 50 (bank deposit)	At first for schoolchildren of families registered in the PBF¹ 1 PBF: The Brazilian cash transfer program (Bolsa Família); Then for all students
	BA	863,985	1.264	Food vouchers worth R$ 55 (valid in pre-defined retail chains) for exclusive purchase of food	All
	CE	450,400	706	Food card in the amount of R$ 80	All
	MA	365,848	1.097	Food kit distribution	All
	PB	305,790	761	Food kit distribution	All
	PE	590,336	1.053	Food card in the amount of R$50	Schoolchildren of families registered in the CadÚnico² 2 CadÚnico: Underprivileged Families Record;
	PI	315,000	650	Food vouchers worth R$ 60 (via app) and Food kit from school stocks	Schoolchildren of families registered in the PBF¹ 1 PBF: The Brazilian cash transfer program (Bolsa Família);
	RN	241,627	624	Distribution of perishable and non-perishable food kits	All
	SE	161,181	354	Distribution of food kit (from school stock)	Schoolchildren of families registered in the PBF¹ 1 PBF: The Brazilian cash transfer program (Bolsa Família);
Mid-West	DF	480,227	732	Food card in the amount of R$ 79.60 (1 meal/day) and R$ 159.20 (2 meals/day)	Schoolchildren of families registered in the PBF¹ 1 PBF: The Brazilian cash transfer program (Bolsa Família);
	GO	491,821	1.062	Food voucher worth R$ 150 (bank credit)	Schoolchildren of families registered in the PBF¹ 1 PBF: The Brazilian cash transfer program (Bolsa Família);
	MS	257,495	367	Distribution of perishable and non-perishable food kits	All
	MT	393,049	759	Distribution of perishable and non-perishable food kits of FF³ 3 FF: Family Farming. )	Schoolchildren of families registered in the PBF¹ 1 PBF: The Brazilian cash transfer program (Bolsa Família);
	TO	166,181	510	Distribution of non-perishable food kits	All
South-East	ES	271,581	498	Distribution of non-perishable food kits	Schoolchildren of families registered in the CadÚnico² 2 CadÚnico: Underprivileged Families Record;
	MG	2,151,036	3.655	Food voucher in the amount of R$ 50 (via app; can be used for non-food items)	Schoolchildren of families registered in the CadÚnico² 2 CadÚnico: Underprivileged Families Record;
	RJ	728,682	1.335	Distribution of non-perishable food kits	At first for the schoolchildren of families registered in the PBF¹. Then for families that show interest
	SP	3,870,242	5.676	Food voucher of R$ 55 (via app)	Schoolchildren of families registered in the CadÚnico² 2 CadÚnico: Underprivileged Families Record;
South	PR	1,101,356	2.147	Distribution of perishable and non-perishable food kits (bimonthly)	Schoolchildren of families registered in the PBF¹ 1 PBF: The Brazilian cash transfer program (Bolsa Família);
	RS	943,284	2.571	Distribution of non-perishable food kits	Schoolchildren of families registered in the CadÚnico² 2 CadÚnico: Underprivileged Families Record;
	SC	521,687	1.277	Distribution of perishable and non-perishable food kits (from schools stock and purchased from FF³ 3 FF: Family Farming. )	Schoolchildren of families registered in the PBF¹ 1 PBF: The Brazilian cash transfer program (Bolsa Família);

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[1] Correspondence to: E.N. CORRÊA. E-mail: elizabeth.nappi@ufsc.br.