Abstract
A new species of Oxypetalum, O. laciniatum Rapini & Farinaccio, is described and illustrated. It was collected only once in the moist forest of southern Bahia, and belongs to the O. cordifolium (Vent.) Schltr. species complex. The new species, however, can be promptly distinguished from the others in this group by the flowers with longer lacinia (ca. 2.85 cm long), shorter pollinia (up to 0.3 mm long; about 1/3 of the corpusculum length), and appendix of gynostegium with apex slightly bifid in subparallel branches.
Key words:
Asclepiadaceae; Atlantic forest; floristics; taxonomy