Serra da Mantiqueira is a mountain chain located in southeastern Brazil. It is located between the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes, extending to four states in the region, with its major portion in the state of Minas Gerais and the minor one within Espírito Santo State, in Serra do Caparaó. Ficus L. is the largest genus of the family Moraceae, with approximately 800 species distributed in tropical regions, including shrubs, trees, hemiepiphytes and vines. The most striking features are the syconium inflorescence and pollination by wasps. For this study we examined materials deposited in scientific collections, as well as field trips, and observations of populations in nature. We found 25 species of Ficus, being 17 native and eight exotic. Descriptions, comments on phenology and geographic distribution, conservation, taxonomic comments and illustrations are presented. Native species are described here, of which six are considered endangered due to habitat fragmentation and anthropogenic interference.
conservation; subgenus Pharmacosycea; subgenus Urostigma; Southeast; taxonomy
