This paper is a survey of Arecaceae family in Rio Grande do Sul state. We recognize 15 native species in this state (Bactris setosa, Butia catarinensis, B. eriospatha, B. exilata, B. lallemantii, B. odorata, B. paraguayensis, B. witeckii, B. yatay, Euterpe edulis, Geonoma gamiova, G. schottiana, Syagrus romanzoffiana, Trithrinax acanthocoma and T. brasiliensis). Three species were excluded from Rio Grande do Sul flora (Acrocomia aculeata, A. totai and Butia microspadix), three names were considered synonyms (Butia missionera, B. pulposa and B. quaraimana); Butia stolonifera was considered a doubtful specie. Two natural hybrids are recognized, one of them being described in this work (x Butyagrus alegretensis and × Butyagrus nabonnandii).
Palmae; species; taxonomy
