<i>Psittacanthus</i> (Loranthaceae) in Brazil: new occurrences, lectotypifications, new synonyms and an illustrated key

Dettke, Greta Aline; Caires, Claudenir Simões

doi:10.1590/2175-7860202172138

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Short Communication • Rodriguésia 72 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202172138 copy

Psittacanthus (Loranthaceae) in Brazil: new occurrences, lectotypifications, new synonyms and an illustrated key

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

We present results related to the taxonomic revision of Psittacanthus (Loranthaceae) for “Flora do Brasil 2020”. Three new records were found: Psittacanthus kempffii to Rondônia, P. lasianthus to Roraima, and P. truncatus to Mato Grosso. Twelve new synonyms are proposed here: P. carnosus, P. crassipes and P. pustullosus (synonyms for P. acinarius), P. duckei (for P. biternatus), P. baguensis (for P. crassifolius, P. salvadorensis (for P. excrenulatus), P. bergii (for P. grandifolius, P. brachypodus, P. leptanthus and P. redactus (for P. lamprophyllus), P. acevedoi and P. rugostylus (for P. plagiophyllus). Three lectotypes are designated: for P. lasianthus, P. rugostylus and P. biternatus, which makes the neotype previously designated for P. biternatus superfluous. The type-specimen of P. formosus (synonym of P. robustus) was recently found. We propose an identification key for the 33 Brazilian species, with illustrations of the main characters used.

Key words
Amazon; distribution; mistletoes; Santalales; taxonomy

Authorship

Greta Aline Dettke ³3Author for correspondence: gretadet@yahoo.com.br

Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Herbário HUEM, Depto. Biologia, Maringá, PR, Brazil.Universidade Estadual de MaringáBrazilMaringá, PR, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Maringá, Herbário HUEM, Depto. Biologia, Maringá, PR, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1458-2705

Claudenir Simões Caires

Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia - UESB, Depto. Ciências Naturais, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil.Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia - UESBBrazilVitória da Conquista, BA, BrazilUniversidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia - UESB, Depto. Ciências Naturais, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-5164

3Author for correspondence: gretadet@yahoo.com.br

Area Editor: Dr. Gustavo Shimizu

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (6)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Updated occurrence of Psittacanthus kempffii (black square), Psittacanthus lasianthus (triangle) and Psittacanthus truncatus (circle) on South America. Extra Brazilian points are based on Kuijt (2009)Kuijt J (2009) Monograph of Psittacanthus (Loranthaceae). Systematic Botany Monographs 86: 1-361. and the green area represents the Amazon rainforest.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
New records of Psittacanthus in Brazil – a-b. Psittacanthus lasianthus. c-f. Psittacanthus truncatus. Photos: a,b. M. Nadruz; c-f. M. Engels. Scale bars: a,b,d = 2 cm; c = 10 cm; e = 5 cm; f = 1 cm.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
a. Psittacanthus acinarius – flowers. b-c. P. acinarius (as P. pustullosus) – b. flower buds with ‘pustules’. c. flower buds without ‘pustules’. d. P. biternatus (as P. duckei) – triads (white arrow). e-f. P. excrenulatus – e. flowering branch; f. flowers. g. P. grandifolius (as P. bergii) – flower buds with a rounded apex (black arrow). h-k. P. lamprophyllus – h-i. flowers. j-k. phyllotaxy, showing the nodes (black arrows). l. P. plagiophyllus – inflorescence. Photos: a. C.S. Caires; b-c. J.G. Kuhlmann 1174 (RB); d. Farney & Batista 2103 (NY); e. Zé Junior; f. J.R. Fabricante; g. C.C. Berg P18408 (RB); h. M. Silveira; i. D.C. Daly; j. B.A. Krukoff 4709 (NY); k. R. Spruce 1632 (NY); l. R. Fadini. Scale bars: a,g,j,k = 2 cm; b,c,d,f = 1 cm; e,h,i,l = 3 cm.

Thumbnail

Figure 4
Type locality of Psittacanthus duckei (= P. biternatus). a. grasslands vegetation of ‘Campos do Ariramba’, Pará state. b. flowering branches of P. biternatus. Photos: a. R.G. Barbosa-Silva; b. D. Zappi. Scale bar: b = 2 cm.

Thumbnail

Figure 5
a. Psittacanthus cordatus – flowering branches with sessile leaves. b. P. nodosissimus – branches innovations, showing a whorled phyllotaxy (arrows). c-d. P. cucullaris – c. inflorescences showing sessile flowers and squamiform bracts (arrows); d. inflorescences showing foliate bracts (arrows). e. P. robustus – flowers with cymes subtended by squamiform bracts (arrows). f. P. dentatus – flowers showing petals strongly toothed (arrows). g. P. cinctus – infructescence with peduncle and pedicels with furfuraceous surface. h. P. robustus – flowering branches. i. P. eucalyptifolius – flowering branches. j. P. montis-neblinae – flowering branches showing flowers organized in dyads (arrows). k. P. clusiifolius – flower bud apex with the petals removed, showing all stamens at the same height (isomorphic) delimited by horizontal lines (arrow on stigma). l. P. peculiaris – flower bud apex with apex of the petals truncated and with external projections. Photos: a,c. C.S. Caires; b. R. Fadini; d. D.C. Daly; e,h. G.A. Dettke; f. M. Engels; g. F. Farroñay; i. L.O.A. Teixeira; j. M. Nadruz; k. C.A.C. Ferreira 9256 (MBM); l. M. Rimachi 5118 (MBM). Scale bars: a,b,c,d,g,i,j = 2 cm; e,f = 1 cm; h = 4 cm; k,l = 2 mm.

Thumbnail

Figure 6
a. P. cordatus – flower bud apex with the petals removed, showing stamens at two different heights (dimorphic) delimited by horizontal lines (arrow on stigma). b. P. tenellus – inflorescences with delicate and long pedicels. c. P. amazonicus – flowers with inflated central region. d. P. elegans – flower buds with tapered apex (arrow). e. P. brasiliensis – terminal inflorescence; f. P. bolbocephalus – flowers with apex dilated and globular. g. P. biternatus – flowering branch. h. P. atrolineatus – plants blackened in sicco. i. P. dichroos – flowering branch. Photos: a. G. Hatschbach et al. 67568 (MBM); b. C.N. Fraga; c. D.C. Daly 7462 (NY); d. C.A.C. Ferreira 4031 (NY); e. M. Blanco; f. G. Hatschbach et al. 63179 (MBM); g. C.S. Caires; h. M.G. Silva & A. Pinheiro 4144 (NY); i. J.R. Fabricante. Scale bars: a = 2 mm; b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i = 2 cm.

Figure 1 Updated occurrence of Psittacanthus kempffii (black square), Psittacanthus lasianthus (triangle) and Psittacanthus truncatus (circle) on South America. Extra Brazilian points are based on Kuijt (2009)Kuijt J (2009) Monograph of Psittacanthus (Loranthaceae). Systematic Botany Monographs 86: 1-361. and the green area represents the Amazon rainforest.

Figure 2 New records of Psittacanthus in Brazil – a-b. Psittacanthus lasianthus. c-f. Psittacanthus truncatus. Photos: a,b. M. Nadruz; c-f. M. Engels. Scale bars: a,b,d = 2 cm; c = 10 cm; e = 5 cm; f = 1 cm.

Figure 3 a. Psittacanthus acinarius – flowers. b-c. P. acinarius (as P. pustullosus) – b. flower buds with ‘pustules’. c. flower buds without ‘pustules’. d. P. biternatus (as P. duckei) – triads (white arrow). e-f. P. excrenulatus – e. flowering branch; f. flowers. g. P. grandifolius (as P. bergii) – flower buds with a rounded apex (black arrow). h-k. P. lamprophyllus – h-i. flowers. j-k. phyllotaxy, showing the nodes (black arrows). l. P. plagiophyllus – inflorescence. Photos: a. C.S. Caires; b-c. J.G. Kuhlmann 1174 (RB); d. Farney & Batista 2103 (NY); e. Zé Junior; f. J.R. Fabricante; g. C.C. Berg P18408 (RB); h. M. Silveira; i. D.C. Daly; j. B.A. Krukoff 4709 (NY); k. R. Spruce 1632 (NY); l. R. Fadini. Scale bars: a,g,j,k = 2 cm; b,c,d,f = 1 cm; e,h,i,l = 3 cm.

Figure 4 Type locality of Psittacanthus duckei (= P. biternatus). a. grasslands vegetation of ‘Campos do Ariramba’, Pará state. b. flowering branches of P. biternatus. Photos: a. R.G. Barbosa-Silva; b. D. Zappi. Scale bar: b = 2 cm.

Figure 5 a. Psittacanthus cordatus – flowering branches with sessile leaves. b. P. nodosissimus – branches innovations, showing a whorled phyllotaxy (arrows). c-d. P. cucullaris – c. inflorescences showing sessile flowers and squamiform bracts (arrows); d. inflorescences showing foliate bracts (arrows). e. P. robustus – flowers with cymes subtended by squamiform bracts (arrows). f. P. dentatus – flowers showing petals strongly toothed (arrows). g. P. cinctus – infructescence with peduncle and pedicels with furfuraceous surface. h. P. robustus – flowering branches. i. P. eucalyptifolius – flowering branches. j. P. montis-neblinae – flowering branches showing flowers organized in dyads (arrows). k. P. clusiifolius – flower bud apex with the petals removed, showing all stamens at the same height (isomorphic) delimited by horizontal lines (arrow on stigma). l. P. peculiaris – flower bud apex with apex of the petals truncated and with external projections. Photos: a,c. C.S. Caires; b. R. Fadini; d. D.C. Daly; e,h. G.A. Dettke; f. M. Engels; g. F. Farroñay; i. L.O.A. Teixeira; j. M. Nadruz; k. C.A.C. Ferreira 9256 (MBM); l. M. Rimachi 5118 (MBM). Scale bars: a,b,c,d,g,i,j = 2 cm; e,f = 1 cm; h = 4 cm; k,l = 2 mm.

Figure 6 a. P. cordatus – flower bud apex with the petals removed, showing stamens at two different heights (dimorphic) delimited by horizontal lines (arrow on stigma). b. P. tenellus – inflorescences with delicate and long pedicels. c. P. amazonicus – flowers with inflated central region. d. P. elegans – flower buds with tapered apex (arrow). e. P. brasiliensis – terminal inflorescence; f. P. bolbocephalus – flowers with apex dilated and globular. g. P. biternatus – flowering branch. h. P. atrolineatus – plants blackened in sicco. i. P. dichroos – flowering branch. Photos: a. G. Hatschbach et al. 67568 (MBM); b. C.N. Fraga; c. D.C. Daly 7462 (NY); d. C.A.C. Ferreira 4031 (NY); e. M. Blanco; f. G. Hatschbach et al. 63179 (MBM); g. C.S. Caires; h. M.G. Silva & A. Pinheiro 4144 (NY); i. J.R. Fabricante. Scale bars: a = 2 mm; b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i = 2 cm.

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<i>Psittacanthus</i> (Loranthaceae) in Brazil: new occurrences, lectotypifications, new synonyms and an illustrated key

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[1] 3Author for correspondence: gretadet@yahoo.com.br