Effects of fragmentation on the reproductive phenology of tree species present in edge and interior of Atlantic Forest in Paraiba

Abstract

Habitat fragmentation causes loss of biodiversity and may alter the reproductive patterns of the species. Phenological studies help understanding the cyclical events of vegetables and ecosystem dynamic. The objectives were to correlate reproductive events with climate variables, classify the species and the ecological succession and dispersal syndromes and compare the reproductive patterns between edge and interior. Were followed 155 individuals (96 edge and 59 interior), between August/2008 and August/2010 on monthly observations of reproductive phenophases using the activity index and intensity of Fournier. The production of flowers and fruits was observed over the years, with the fruiting longer duration than flowering. Reproductive events were more intense on the edge. Intensity Fournier was similar to that of phenophases activity index. The pattern community was "steady state" and continued, with the majority of annual species. Edge and interior had the same time of occurrence of phenophases, but the activity and the intensity of reproductive individuals were higher on edge. Pioneer species were more common in edge and secondary in interior. Zoochory was more frequent in both areas. Not significant correlations between the phenology and the climate were found, suggesting the action of other factors for induction of reproduction.

Key words:
Edge effects; flowering; fruiting; woody; reproduction