Arslan et al.,2020. Arslan SS, Ilgaz F, Demir N, Karaduman AA. The effect of the inability to intake chewable food texture on growth, dietary intake and feeding behaviors of children with cerebral palsy. J Dev Phys Disabil. 2018;30:205-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10882-017-9580-y https://doi.org/10.1007/s10882-017-9580-...
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Oral feeding. Normal diet for the children in the control group. Differentiated consistency diet for the children in the orally fed case group. |
Barrón-Garza et al.,2121. Barrón-Garza F, Robles-Montiel A, Elizondo-Vázquez JB, Riquelme-Heras MA, Riquelme-Heras H. Oromotortherapy and dietary supplement, improve feeding skills and nutrition of patients with cerebral palsy. Rev Esp Nutr Comunitária. 2017;23:160-5. |
Oral feeding for 3 years and 9 months. Hypercaloric diet, with 50% carrying out oral motor therapy with their parents at home and the other half doing so at a clinic. |
Benfer et al.,2222. Benfer KA, Weir KA, Ware RS, Davies PS, Arvedson J, Boyd RN, et al. Parent-reported indicators for detecting feeding and swallowing difficulties and undernutrition in preschool-aged children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017;59:1181-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13498 https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13498...
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Oral feeding (n=87) and enteral feeding (n=12). |
Brant et al.,2323. Brant CQ, Stanich P, Ferrari Jr AP. Improvement of children’s nutritional status after enteral feeding by PEG: an interim report. Gastrointest Endosc. 1999;50:183-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5107(99)70222-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5107(99)70...
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Enteral feeding via gastrostomy, with a mean monitoring period of 5.9 months. |
Caselli et al.,2424. Caselli TB, Lomazi EA, Montenegro MA, Bellomo-Brandão MA. Comparative study on gastrostomy and orally nutrition of children and adolescents with tetraparesis cerebral palsy. Arq Gastroenterol. 2017;54:292-6. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-2803.201700000-48 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-2803.20170...
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Enteral feeding via gastrostomy (n=25) and oral feeding (n=29). |
García-Contreras et al.,2525. García-Contreras AA, Vásquez-Garibay EM, Romero-Velarde E, Ibarra-Gutiérrez AI, Troyo-Sanromán R, Sandoval-Montes IE. Intensive nutritional support improves the nutritional status and body composition in severely malnourished children with cerebral palsy. Nutr Hosp. 2014;29:838-43. https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2014.29.4.7247 https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2014.29.4.724...
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Enteral feeding via nasogastric tube (n=8) and gastrostomy (n=5) for 4 weeks. Use of a lactose-free infant formula (Nestlé®), adding corn syrup to the formula to increase the energy density. |
Kibirige2626. Kibirige MS. Weight gain and severe cerebral palsy. J Nutr Med. 1992;3:137-43. https://doi.org/10.3109/13590849208997971 https://doi.org/10.3109/1359084920899797...
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Oral feeding for 8 weeks. 4 children received liquid nutrition and supplementation. |
Leal-Martínez et al.,1212. Leal-Martínez F, Franco D, Peña-Ruiz A, Castro-Silva F, Escudero-Espinosa AA, Rolón-Lacarrier OG, et al. Effect of a nutritional support system (diet and supplements) for improving gross motor function in cerebral palsy: an exploratory randomized controlled clinical trial. Foods. 2020;9:1449. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9101449 https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9101449...
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Oral feeding. Use of 3 liquid diets, 2 administered at breakfast and 1 at dinner. Follow-up group (FG) (n=10): normal diet. Control group (CG) (n=10): vermifugated and received a nutritional therapy recommended by the WHO (2010). Intervention group (IG) (n=10): vermifugated and received the Nutritional Support System (NSS). |
Sanders et al.,2727. Sanders KD, Cox K, Cannon R, Blanchard D, Pitcher J, Papathakis P, et al. Growth response to enteral feeding by children with cerebral palsy. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1990;14:23-6. https://doi.org/10.1177/014860719001400123 https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607190014001...
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Enteral feeding via nasogastric tube (n=4) and gastrostomy (47) for 6 months. The dietary formulas used were Complete Modified Formulas (Sandoz) or lsocal (Mead Johnson), each one providing 1 kcal/mL. |
Savage et al.,2828. Savage K, Kritas S, Schwarzer A, Davidson G, Omari T. Whey- vs casein-based enteral formula and gastrointestinal function in children with cerebral palsy. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2012;36(Suppl1):118S-23S. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607111428139 https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607111428139...
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Enteral feeding by nasogastric tube (n=1) and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (n=12). Standard enteral formula based on casein and another with 50% whey and 50% total casein protein for 1 week (n=7), and a formula based on partially hydrolyzed whey protein (n=6). |
Schoendorfer et al.,3131. Schoendorfer N, Tinggi U, Sharp N, Boyd R, Vitetta L, Davies SM. Micronutrient intakes in enterally and orally fed children with severe cerebral palsy. E Spen Eur E J Clin Nutr Metab. 2011;6:e259-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclnm.2011.09.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclnm.2011.09....
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Children with CP (case group): percutaneous (n=9) and oral (12) enteral feeding. |
Schoendorfer et al.,1313. Schoendorfer N, Tinggi U, Sharp N, Boyd R, Vitetta L, Davies SM. Protein levels in enteral feeds: do these meet requirements in children with severe cerebral palsy? Br J Nutr. 2012;107:1476-81. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114511004533 https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711451100453...
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Enteral (n=9) and oral (n=15) feeding. |
Soylu et al.,1414. Soylu OB, Unalp A, Uran N, Dizdarer G, Ozgonul FO, Conku A, et al. Effect of nutritional support in children with spastic quadriplegia. Pediatr Neurol. 2008;39:330-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.07.020 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol....
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Oral feeding for 6 months. |
Sullivan et al.,2929. Sullivan PB, Juszcczak E, Bachlet AM, Lambert B, Vernon-Roberts A, Grant HW, et al. Gastrostomy tube feeding in children with cerebral palsy: a prospective, longitudinal study. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2005;47:77-85. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0012162205000162 https://doi.org/10.1017/s001216220500016...
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Enteral feeding by gastrostomy for 12 months. |
Vernon-Roberts et al.,3030. Vernon-Roberts A, Wells J, Grant H, Alder N, Vadamalayan B, Eltumie M, et al. Gastrostomy feeding in cerebral palsy: enough and no more. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2010;52:1099-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03789.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010...
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Enteral feeding by gastrostomy for 6 months. An enteral feeding of low caloric energy (Kcal), complete with micronutrients and rich in fiber, was administered. |