Manifestations of apraxia of speech in Alzheimer's diseasePURPOSE: To identify praxic speech manifestations in patients diagnosed with different stages of Alzheimer's disease, and to verify similarities among their occurrences. METHODS: Participants were 90 patients with Alzheimer's, 30 in each stage of the disease (mild, moderate and severe), who were assessed using the following instruments: Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, and the Assessment Protocol of Verbal and Orofacial Apraxia. Sixty six female subjects and 24 male subjects were assessed; mean age was 80.2±7.2 years, and mean level of education was 4.2±3.5 years. RESULTS: In the mild stage, the proportions of trial-and-error, repetition and addition were similar, as well as omission, substitution and self-correction. In the moderate stage, the following items were similar: trial-and-error and repetition, substitution, omission and addition, and self-correction. In the severe stage, all manifestations were similar, except addition. The error type addition differentiated the patients regarding the stages of the disease. CONCLUSION: Patients in the three stages of Alzheimer's disease showed distinct patterns of verbal praxic manifestations.
Apraxia; Alzheimer disease; Dementia; Articulation disorders; Neuropsychological tests
