Daher et al., 2020 |
n=33 patients after severe COVID-19 (mean 64.0 years, SD 3.0, 67% males; mean length of stay 15 days, SD 1.8) |
To verify the HRQoL of patients after severe COVID-19 infection and to compare it with the HRQoL at the time of hospital admission. |
EQ-5D-5L and SGRQ |
6 weeks after hospital discharge |
At the end of follow-up period, patients reported slight to moderate abnormalities in mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression by EQ-5D-5L. |
Selection (★★) Comparability (-) Exposure (★★★) Total score: 5/9 |
Low quality |
Maheshwari et al., 2021 |
n=51 convalescent plasma donors who recovered from COVID-19 and were symptom free and negative (mean 34.37 years, SD 9.08, 90.2% males). |
To analyze the psychological impact of COVID-19 among convalescent recovered plasma donors. |
WHOQOL-Bref |
Not reported |
The worst affected WHOQOL-Bref domain was the physical, followed by environmental, psychological, and social relationships. |
Selection (★★) Comparability (-) Exposure (★★★) Total score: 5/9 |
Low quality |
Méndez et al., 2021 |
n=179 patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 (ages ranging from 22 to 81 years, 41.3% females) |
To assess the HRQoL and psychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 survivors after hospital discharge. |
SF-12 |
2 months after hospital discharge |
Low HRQoL for physical and mental components was detected in 44.1% and 39.1% of patients, respectively. |
Selection (★★★★) Comparability (-) Exposure (★★) Total score: 6/9 |
Low quality |
Monti et al., 2021 |
n=39 patients after intensive care unit discharge [mean 56 years, SD 10.5, 10.0% females, after mechanical ventilation for a median of 9 (6-14) days]. |
To assess the HRQoL of survivors of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome by COVID-19 ventilated invasively. |
EQ-5D-5L |
2 months [median 61 days (Q1-Q3: 51 to 71 days)] after intensive care unit discharge. |
Patients showed no difficulty in walking (82%), self-care (85%) and usual activities (78%). Only eight (21%) patients reported anxiety or moderate depression. |
Selection (★★) Comparability (-) Exposure (★★★) Total score: 5/9 |
Low quality |
Navarro et al., 2020 |
n=115 patients after mild or moderate COVID-19 [median age of 40 years (Q1-Q3: 33 to 48 years), 57.0% females, 4% admitted at intensive care unit]. |
To identify the changes in HRQoL in the early convalescence phase of a group of recovered COVID-19 patients. |
EQ-5D-5L |
1 month after the onset of symptoms. |
There was a severe decrease in HRQoL in 56% of patients. Abnormalities in usual activities and anxiety/depression were detected in 59% of patients with a severe decrease in HRQoL |
Selection (★★) Comparability (-) Exposure (★★★) Total score: 5/9 |
Low quality |
Qu et al., 2021 |
n=540 patients with post-COVID-19, in a multicenter Chinese study, [median age of 47.50 years (Q1-Q3: 37.0 to 57 years), 50.0% females, 90.4% with mild to moderate severity]. |
To compare the HRQoL of patients with COVID-19 after hospital discharge with general Chinese population and to verify the determinants of HRQoL after COVID-19. |
SF-36 |
3 months after hospital discharge. |
In the post-COVID-19 patients, 15.4% had poor physical component summary, and 32.6% had poor mental component summary. |
Selection (★★★) Comparability (★★) Exposure (★★★) Total score: 8/9 |
High quality |
Rass et al., 2021 |
n=135 patients with post-COVID-19 [(median age of 56 days (Q1-Q3: 48 to 68 days), 61.0% males, median length of stay of 8 days (Q1-Q3: 2 to 18 days)] |
To identify the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and HRQoL 3 months after disease onset. |
SF-36 |
3 months after disease onset. |
The HRQoL was impaired in 31% of patients, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorders were detected in 11%, 25%, and 11% of patients, respectively. |
Selection (★★) Comparability (★) Exposure (★★★) Total score: 6/9 |
High quality |
Santus et al., 2020 |
n=20 hospitalized patients after COVID-19-related pneumonia (mean 55 years, SD 15, 85% males, mean length of stay 17.7 days, SD 11.5). |
To assess the HRQoL of patients with post-COVID-19-related pneumonia after hospitalization. |
SGRQ |
15 days after hospital discharge. |
After 15 days of hospital discharge, there was significant improvement in the score of all domains of SGRQ, i.e., symptoms (mean 33.7, SD 18.0 versus 16.7, SD 12.9), activity (mean 35.7, SD 24.2 versus 28.3, SD 23.3), impact (mean 17.3, SD 15.9 versus 10.6, SD 10.7), and total score (mean 25.5, SD 15.5 versus 16.9, SD 13.2) (p<0.01 for all). |
Selection (★★) Comparability (-) Exposure (★★★) Total score: 5/9 |
Low quality |
Temperoni et al., 2021 |
n=64 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, and aged ≤50 years (mean 41.1 years, SD 7.4, 53.8% males, 31.7% hospitalized). |
To report the HRQoL of patients after COVID-19 and aged ≤50 years. |
SF-36 |
1 month after hospital discharge. |
There were no significant differences between hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients in physical or mental component summaries. The mean of SF-36 physical component summary in the hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients were, respectively, 56.25, SD 23.15 versus 55.32, SD 23.48 (p=0.894); The mean of SF-36 mental component summary in the hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients were, respectively, 53.63, SD 28.11 versus 48.72, SD 23.14 (p=0.498) |
Selection (★★) Comparability (★★) Exposure (★★★) Total score: 7/9 |
High quality |
Todt et al., 2021 |
n=251 patients [mean 53.6, SD 14.9 years, 59.8% males, 69.7% with severe COVID-19 at admission, 13.6% at invasive mechanical ventilation, median length of stay of 5 days (Q1-Q3: 3 to 10 days)]. |
To assess the impact of COVID-19 on HRQoL, anxiety, and depression after hospital discharge and to verify the determinants of the worsening in HRQoL. |
EQ-5D-3L |
3 months after hospital discharge |
Eighty one patients had a positive screening for anxiety/depression. The EQ-5D-3L index was reduced 3 months after discharge (median score 0.80) when compared to the onset of COVID-19 symptoms (median score 1.0) (p<0.001). |
Selection (★★) Comparability (★★)Exposure (★★★) Total score: 7/9 |
High quality |
Walle-Hansen et al., 2021 |
n=106 participants were hospitalized for COVID-19 (mean age 74.3 years and 56.6% males, 26% after severe COVID-19). |
To compare the HRQoL before and after COVID-19. |
EQ-5D-5L |
6 months after hospitalization |
Seventy patients reported a negative change in any of the dimensions of the EQ 5D-5L when compared to before COVID-19. |
Selection (★★) Comparability (★★)Exposure (★★★) Total score: 7/9 |
High quality |