The relationship between atopy and neurological manifestations in HTLV-1 infection

Verde, Raquel Crisóstomo Lima; Carneiro Neto, José Abraão; Santos, Silvane Maria Braga; Carvalho, Edgar Marcelino; Lessa, Marcus Miranda

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0162-2017

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Short Communication • Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 51 (02) • Mar-Apr 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0162-2017 copy

The relationship between atopy and neurological manifestations in HTLV-1 infection

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)induces exaggerated Th1 responses, whereas atopy is associated with exacerbated Th2 responses.

METHODS:

Here, a cross-sectional study compared the prevalence of atopy in HTLV-1 carriers and HAM/TSP patients. It also compared the spontaneous cytokine production in HTLV-1-infected individuals. A retrospective cohort study evaluated the development of neurological manifestations in atopic and non-atopic carriers.

RESULTS:

Atopic HAM/TSP patients with high IFN-γ production exhibited higher IL-5 levels than non-atopic patients. Allergic rhinitis accelerated the development of Babinski signals and overactive bladders.

CONCLUSIONS:

Abnormal Th1 and Th2 responses coexist in HTLV-1-infected individuals and allergic diseases may worsen the clinical course of HTLV-1 infections.

Keywords:
HTLV-1; Atopy; Allergy; Immunology; Cytokines; HAM/TSP

Features	HTLV-1carriers (n = 46)			HAM/TSP(n = 45)
Features	n		%	n	%	p-value
Gender
male	16		34.8	15	33.3	0.88*
female	30		65.2	30	66.7
Age
		52.4±12.46		54.7±14.13		0.41**
Race
white	11		23.9	14	31.1
mullatos	26		56.5	21	46.7	0.62*
black	9		19.6	10	22.2
Prevalence of atopy	16		34.8	20	44.4	0.34*
Cytokine levels	Non-atopic	Atopic	p-value***	Non-atopic	Atopic	p-value***
IFN-γ	1,204	1,161		1,996	1,724
	(98-1,759)	(433-1,548)	0.81	(853-3,021)	(810-2,151)	0.22
TNF-α	14	10		41	57
	(0-98)	(0-308)	0.73	(0-273)	(7-118)	0.62
IL-5	2	10		11	54	0.008
	(0-26)	(0-107)	0.56	(0-52)	(29-234)
IL-10	129	521		831	638	0.95
	(22-551)	(109-765)	0.20	(142-1,828)	(263-1,353)

Features	Non-atopic(n = 79)		Atopic(n = 70)
Features	n	%	n	%	p-value
Gender
male	33	41.8	20	28.6	0.09**
female	46	58.2	50	71.4
Age*
	52.8±12.88		51±11.52		0.37***
Race
white	21	27.3	16	23.9
mullatos	32	41.6	27	40.3	0.81**
black	24	31.2	24	35.8
Outcomes
Babinski signal	4	5.1	6	8.6	0.29**
overactive bladder	25	32.0	24	34.0	0.62**
HAM/TSP	3	3.8	5	7.1	0.27**
Mean follow-up time(years)	8.95		8.27		0.17***
Time to outcome development(years)
Babinski signal	14.4		13.6		0.27****
Overactive bladder	11.0		9.4		0.61****
HAM/TSP	14.5		14.1		0.25****

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[1] Corresponding author: Drª Raquel Crisóstomo Lima Verde. e-mail: raquelclv@gmail.com