The authors present their experience in the treatment of children infected with S. mansoni using Hycanthone (2.3 to 2.7 mg/kg body weight) and Oxamniquine capsules (11.4 to 20.0 mg/kg body weight); a control group was given placebo. Hycanthone cured 100% of the 36 children given the drug; Oxamniquine capsules cured 80% of the 36 children treated and a cure rate of 92% was achieved with a second oxamniquine treatment course. Side-effects were most frequently observed with Hycanthone; no significant tiver test function alterations were detected with both drugs. The authors suggest the use of oxamniquine syrup for the treatment of children in order to obtain better results with more adequate dosages according to the body weight.