Benevento et al, 20081616. Benevento JD, Jager RD, Noble AG, Latkany P, Mieler WF, Sautter M, et al. Toxoplasmosis-Associated Neovascular Lesions Treated Successfully with Ranibizumab and Antiparasitic Therapy. Arch Ophthalmol. 2008;126(8):1152-6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.126.8.1152 https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.126.8.1...
|
anti-VEGF |
more than one (2) |
30 |
7, 25 |
NA |
NA |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
NA |
5 |
Martinez-Castillo et al., 20121717. Martinez-Castillo S, Gallego-Pinazo R, Francés-Munhoz E, Dolz-Marco R, Vásquez-Polo A, Diaz-Llopis M. Macular toxoplasmosis and intravitreal clindamycin: an altenative to oral treatment. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol . 2012;87(3):90-4. |
antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory |
more than one (1) |
19 |
30, 34 |
1 |
1 |
pregnancy and sulfa intolerance |
2 |
2 |
NA |
2 |
4 |
Crosson et al., 20201818. Crosson JN, Kuthyar S, Shantha JG, Debiec MR, Laird PW, Hwang CS, et al. Toxoplasmosis chorioretinitis mimicking acute retinal necrosis associated with local corticosteroid. Int J Retin Vitr. 2020;6(1):1-5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40942-020-00225-0 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40942-020-00225...
|
antiparasitic |
more than one (1) |
30 |
74-77 |
1 |
1 |
diabetes |
2 |
0 |
NA |
2 |
4 |
Cordero-Coma et al., 20101919. Cordero-Coma M, Pérez E, Calleja S, García Ruiz de Morales JM. Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis: relapse vs choroidal neovascular membrane. Arch la Soc Española Oftalmol (Engl Ed). 2010;85(12):410-3. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2173-5794(10)70068-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2173-5794(10)70...
|
anti-VEGF |
more than one (2) |
120 |
19, 44 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
NA |
0 |
NA |
4 |
Choudhury et al, 20152020. Choudhury H, Jindal A, Pathengay A, Bawdekar A, Albini T, Flynn HW. The role of intravitreal trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retin. 2015;46(1):137-40. |
antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory |
more than one (4) |
7 |
12-41 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
4 |
4 |
0 |
4 |
5 |
Lin et al., 20112121. Lin C, Chen S-N, Hwang J-F, Hu P-S. Successful Treatment of Toxoplasmosis-Associated Choroidal Neovascular Lesions With Bevacizumab and Antiparasitic Therapy. Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2011;5(4):348-51. |
anti-VEGF |
1 |
1 |
24-26 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
5 |
Cortés et al., 20192222. Cortés JA, Roncancio Á, Uribe LG, Cortés-Luna CF, Montoya JG. Approach to ocular toxoplasmosis including pregnant women. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2019;32(5):426-34. |
antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory |
1 |
90 |
44, 67 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
5 |
Petrou et al., 20132323. Petrou P, Georgalas I, Markomichelakis N, Vergados I, Gianakaki E, Rouvas A. Resolution of vitreomacular traction following intravitreal ranibizumab in cases of ocular toxoplasmosis with choroidal neovascularization. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2013;9(1):391-4. |
anti-VEGF |
more than one (2) |
7 |
21, 52 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
NA |
5 |
Soheilian et al, 20112424. Soheilian M, Ramezani A, Azimzadeh A, Sadoughi MM, Dehghan MH, Shahghadami R, et al. Randomized trial of intravitreal clindamycin and dexamethasone versus pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, and prednisolone in treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis. Ophthalmology. 2011;118(1):134-41. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.04.020 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.04...
|
antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory |
more than one (16) |
24 |
24.5±6.0 |
18 |
16 |
0 |
34 |
34 |
0 |
34 |
6 |
Ocampo Dominguez, 20152525. Ocampo Dominguez HH. Manejo de Toxoplasmosis Ocular Severa con Clindamicina y Triamcinolona Intravitreas: Reporte de 22 Casos. Rev la Soc Colomb Oftalmol. 2015;48(4):312-21. Available from: https://scopublicaciones.socoftal.com/index.php/SCO/article/view/109/111 https://scopublicaciones.socoftal.com/in...
|
antiparasitic |
1 |
NA |
NA |
6 |
16 |
0 |
22 |
18 |
5 |
22 |
6 |
Zamora et al., 20152626. Zamora YF, Arantes T, Reis FA, Garcia CR, Ferreira Saraceno JJ, Belfort R, et al. Local treatment of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis with intravitreal clindamycin and dexamethasone. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2015;78(4):216-9. |
antiparasitic |
more than one (4) |
270 |
34.0±13.5 |
10 |
6 |
0 |
16 |
14 |
0 |
2 |
6 |
Aggio et al., 20062727. Aggio FB, Muccioli C, Belfort R. Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide as an adjunct in the treatment of severe ocular toxoplasmosis [6]. Vol. 20, Eye. Nature Publishing Group; 2006. p. 1080-2. |
anti-inflammatory |
1 |
1 |
30, 74 74 |
1 |
1 |
diabetes |
2 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
5 |
Souza et al, 20172828. Souza CE, Nascimento H, Lima A, Muccioli C, Belfort R. Intravitreal Injection of Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim Associated with Dexamethasone as an Alternative Therapy for Ocular Toxoplasmosis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm . 2018;26(7):1041-4. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2017.1307420 https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2017.13...
|
antiparasitic |
more than one (5) |
30 |
21-76 |
9 |
4 |
0 |
13 |
13 |
0 |
13 |
6 |
Baharivand et al, 20132929. Baharivand N, Mahdavifard A, Fouladi RF. Intravitreal clindamycin plus dexamethasone versus classic oral therapy in toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis: A prospective randomized clinical trial. Int Ophthalmol. 2013;33(1):39-46. |
antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory |
1 |
NA |
25,6±4,0 |
17 |
15 |
0 |
32 |
32 |
0 |
32 |
6 |
Sobrin et al., 20073030. Sobrin L, Kump LI, Foster CS, Facs. Intravitreal Clindamycin for Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. Retin J Retin Vitr Dis. 2007;27(7):952-7. |
antiparasitic |
1 |
1 |
23-52 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
6 |
5 |
1 |
6 |
5 |
Verma et al., 20201010. Verma L, Thulasidas M, Gupta A. Intravitreal clindamycin as first-line therapy for toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis: A case series. Clin Ophthalmol. 2020;14:4279-85. |
antiparasitic |
more than one (4) |
7 |
12-57 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
4 |
3 |
0 |
4 |
5 |
Lasave et al., 20103131. Lasave AF, Daz-Llopis M, Muccioli C, Belfort R, Arevalo JF. Intravitreal clindamycin and dexamethasone for zone 1 toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis at twenty-four months. Ophthalmology. 2010;117(9):1831-8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.01.028 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.01...
|
antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory |
more than one (12) |
50 |
31,9 ±11,3 |
9 |
3 |
pregnancy |
12 |
12 |
0 |
12 |
6 |
Bor’i et al., 20183232. Bor’i A, Mahrous A, Al-Aswad MA, Al-Nashar HY, Nada WM, Wagih M, et al. Intravitreal clindamycin and dexamethasone combined with systemic oral antitoxoplasma therapy versus intravitreal therapy alone in the management of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis: A retrospective study. J Ophthalmol. 2018;2018:4160837. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4160837 https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4160837...
|
antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory |
NA |
60 |
35.5±4.1 |
9 |
6 |
0 |
30 |
30 |
0 |
30 |
6 |
Kianersi et al., 20153333. Kianersi F, Beni AN, Beni ZN, Ghanbari H. Intravitreal bevacizumab for treatment of choroidal neovascularization secondary to toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis: A case series. Semin Ophthalmol. 2015;30(3):181-7. |
anti-VEGF |
1 |
1 |
16-32 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
4 |
4 |
0 |
NA |
5 |
Ben Yahia et al., 20083434. Ben Yahia S, Herbort CP, Jenzeri S, Hmidi K, Attia S, Messaoud R, et al. Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) as primary and rescue treatment for choroidal neovascularization secondary to ocular toxoplasmosis. Int Ophthalmol. 2008;28(4):311-6. |
anti-VEGF |
1 |
1 |
25, 26 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
NA |
5 |
Korol et al., 20173535. Korol AR, Zborovska O, Kustryn T, Dorokhova O, Pasyechnikova N. Intravitreal aflibercept for choroidal neovascularization associated with chorioretinitis: A pilot study. Clin Ophthalmol. 2017;11:1315-20. |
anti-VEGF |
more than one (10) |
28 |
16-56 |
11 |
3 |
NA |
14 |
14 |
3 |
NA |
6 |
Hegde et al., 20153636. Hegde S, Relhan N, Pathengay A, Bawdekar A, Choudhury H, Jindal A, et al. Coexisting choroidal neovascularization and active retinochoroiditis-an uncommon presentation of ocular toxoplasmosis. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2015;5(1):5-8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12348-015-0051-2 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12348-015-0051-...
|
anti-VEGF |
more than one (2) |
30 |
15, 51 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
3 |
3 |
0 |
3 |
5 |
Kianersi et al., 20153737. Kianersi F, Beni ZN, Beni AN, Heshmatollah G, Ahmadi M. Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor for Choroidal Neovascularization Associated with Toxoplasmosis: A Case Series. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 2015;06(04):8-10. |
anti-VEGF |
1 |
1 |
16-37 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
NA |
6 |