The Author presented two new cases of Kala-Azar in Pernambuco, Brazil. The first case died before receiving specífic treatment, and the second patient received treatment with N-methyl-glucamine antimonate. After reviewing the literature published on Kala-Azar in Pernambuco, the Author found abnormalities in the symptomatology of the patients. The first case showed jaundice besides the regular symptoms of the disease, and the second case had no jever despite presenting other symptoms of Kala-Azar.