The Authors report a severe case of schistosomiasis mansoni in a 9-year-old child (heplus pulmonary form with pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonalel The clinical features comprised episodes of respiratory insufficiency induced by moderate physical exercise. Serial chest X-raysshowed a predominantly arteriolar involvement associated with fine micronodules and the features of cor pulmonale. The fever episodes found in the case previously reported did not happen in th is patient. Even though various hypothesis of association of schistosomiasis and other infectious diseases were discarted, a trial of anti-tuberculous drugs was performed. Eye examination disclosed various whitish nodules disseminated throughout the retina and choroid, and this suggested schistosomiasis as the cause for the eye involvement. The antituberculous drugs did not change the clinical picture at all. Antischistosome drugs were. not used due to the risk of circulatory side-effects of the drugs available. The patient was discharged after 13' months and no follow-up has been done since.