E. faecium
|
aac(6')-Ii |
Aminoglycoside N-acetyltransferase AAC(6')-Ii |
Aminoglycoside |
|
eat(A) |
ABC-F type ribosomal protection protein Eat(A) |
Pleuromutilin |
|
efmA |
efmA is an MFS transporter permease in E. faecium
|
Fluoroquinolone, macrolide |
|
msr(C) |
ABC-F type ribosomal protection protein Msr(C) |
Macrolide, lincosamide, oxazolidinone, phenicol, pleuromutilin, streptogramin, tetracycline |
S. aureus
|
tet(38) |
Tetracycline efflux MFS transporter Tet(38) |
Tetracycline |
|
blaZ |
Penicillin-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase BlaZ |
Beta-lactam |
|
blaR1 |
Beta-lactam sensor/signal transducer BlaR1 |
Beta-lactam |
|
blaI_of_Z |
Penicillinase repressor BlaI |
Beta-lactam |
|
ant(4')-Ia |
Aminoglycoside O-nucleotidyltransferase ANT(4')-Ia |
Kanamycin, tobramycin |
|
lnu(A) |
Lincosamide nucleotidyltransferase Lnu(A) |
Lincosamide |
|
arlR |
ArlR is a response regulator that binds to the norA promoter to activate expression. ArlR must first be phosphorylated by ArlS. |
Acridine dye, fluoroquinolone |
|
arlS |
ArlS is a protein histidine kinase that phosphorylates ArlR a promoter for norA expression. |
Acridine dye, fluoroquinolone |
|
Staphylococcus_aureus_norA |
NorA gene cloned from S. aureus confers relatively high resistance to hydrophilic quinolones, such as norfloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, with low or no resistance to hydrophobic quinolones, such as nalidixic acid, oxolinic acid, and sparfloxacin, in S. aureus and E. coli. |
Fluoroquinolone |
|
mgrA |
MgrA, also known as NorR, is a regulator for norA, norB, and tet38. It is a positive regulator for norA expression but is a direct repressor for norB and an indirect repressor of tet38. |
Acridine dye, cephalosporin, fluoroquinolone, penam, peptide, tetracycline |
|
Staphylococcus_aureus_LmrS |
MFS transporters are secondary active transporters with single-polypeptide chains containing 400-600 amino acids that transport small solutes across the membrane using electrochemical gradients. LmrS has 14 transmembrane helices, and when expressed in E. coli is capable of extruding a variety of antibiotics, including linezolid, trimethoprim, florfenicol, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, streptomycin, kanamycin, and fusidic acid. |
Aminoglycoside, diaminopyrimidine, macrolide, oxazolidinone, phenicol |
|
mepR |
MepR is an upstream repressor of MepA in S. aureus. It is part of the mepRAB operon. |
Glycylcycline, tetracycline |
|
mepA |
MepA is an efflux protein regulated by MepR and part of the MepRAB cluster. Its presence in S. aureus leads to multidrug resistance, while it has also been shown to decrease tigecycline susceptibility. |
Glycylcycline, tetracycline |
|
ANT(4')-Ib |
Kanamycin nucleotidyltransferase sequence from S. aureus plasmid. Confers resistance to kanamycin neomycin and other aminoglycosides. |
Aminoglycoside |