This article proposes to take an historical inventory of the situation of the countries of the periphery over the last thirty years, looking specifically at the impasses in development belonging to the current phase of so-called globalization of capital. It is based primarily on the study of an extensive literature of recent publication. We ask to what extent the return to development in the various stagnated areas of the periphery can be considered a concrete possibility and engage in a series of reflections around this issue, which we consider as fundamental for the present conjuncture. We seek to show that the economic stagnation that characterizes many non-developed countries is due in part to the social and economic crisis that began in the decade of the seventies and continues to date, efforts to restructure capitalist society notwithstanding. Strategies and policies of a neo-liberal type have also contributed significantly to this situation, to the extent that they have reinforced the financial knots that have suffocated a large portion of the peripheral economies. Adding to these problems, such countries have also been faced with the ecological limits of capitalism. Reinitiating development on another plane, involving economic growth, social justice and the preservation of nature would mean breaking with capitalism itself.
development; globalization; national project; social and economic crisis