Effects of a strategy for the promotion of physical activity in students from Bogotá

Gutiérrez-Martínez, Leidys; Martínez, Rocío Gámez; González, Silvia A; Bolívar, Manuel A; Estupiñan, Omaira Valencia; Sarmiento, Olga L

doi:10.11606/S1518-8787.2018052017173

Brasil

home Sumário navigate_before Anterior Atual Seguinte navigate_next

home Sumário

Original Article • Rev. Saúde Pública 52 • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.11606/S1518-8787.2018052017173 linkcopy

Effects of a strategy for the promotion of physical activity in students from Bogotá

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of the promotion of physical activity during recess on the levels of physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and adiposity of Colombian students.

METHODS Three schools were randomly selected by an intervention group in Bogotá, Colombia, in 2013: Intervention (Active Module of Active Recess – MARA) + Text Messages (SMS) (MARA+SMS group), intervention (MARA group), control (control group). Intervention was implemented for ten weeks. The duration and intensity of physical activity and sedentary behaviors were measured objectively using accelerometers Actigraph-GT3X+. Adiposity was measured by body mass index and fat percentage. We measured at baseline (T0) and during the tenth week of intervention (T1). We evaluated the effect of the intervention using a difference-in-difference analysis (DID).

RESULTS We included 120 students (57.5% girls; mean age = 10.5 years; standard deviation [SD] = 0.64). There was a significant increase in the mean daily minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity in the MARA group (Difference T1-T0 = 6.1 minutes, standard error [SE] = 3.49, p = 0.005) in relation to the control group. There were no significant changes in the minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity in the MARA+SMS group (Difference T1-T0 = -1.0 minute; SE = 3.06; p = 0.363). The minutes decreased in the control group (Difference T1-T0 = -7.7 minutes; SE = 3.15; p = 0.011). The minutes of sedentary behaviors decreased in the MARA and MARA+SMS groups and increased in the control group (MARA Difference T1-T0 = -15.8 minutes; SE = 10.05; p= 0.279; MARA+SMS Difference T1-T0 = -11.5 minutes; SE = 8.80; p= 0.869; Control Difference T1-T0 = 10.9 minutes; SE = 9.07; p = 0.407). There was a higher participation in the MARA group in relation to the MARA+SMS group (MARA group = 34.4%; MARA+SMS group = 12.1%). There were no significant changes in adiposity at 10 weeks according to difference-in-differences analysis (body mass index p: ΔMARA+SMS group versus Δcontrol group = 0.945, ΔMARA group versus Δcontrol group = 0.847, ΔMARA+SMS group versus ΔMARA group = 0.990; FP p ΔMARA+SMS group versus Δcontrol group = 0.788, ΔMARA group versus Δcontrol group = 0.915, ΔMARA+SMS group versus ΔMARA group = 0.975).

CONCLUSIONS The Active Module of Active Recess is a promising strategy to increase physical activity levels and decrease sedentary behavior in students. The addition of Text Messages was not associated with increased moderate to vigorous physical activity or changes in adiposity.

School Health; Exercise; Mobile Applications, utilization; Body Mass Index; Sedentary Lifestyle; Health Behavior; Health Promotion

Variable	MARA+SMS group		MARA group		Control group		p

	(n = 57)		(n = 60)		(n = 67)

	n	%	n	%	n	%
Sociodemographic

Sex
Male	24	42.1	24	40.0	31	46.3	0.789
Female	33	57.9	36	60.0	36	53.7
Mean age in years and SD^a	10.4	0.7	10.4	0.6	10.6	0.8	0.125
Socioeconomic level^b
1 and 2	37	64.9	58	96.7	63	94.0	< 0.001
3	20	35.1	2	3.3	4	6.0
Education level of the parents^c
Bellow high school – high school	43	75.4	46	76.7	57	85.1	0.346
Licentiate/Vocational school/Undergaduate/Graduate	14	24.6	14	23.3	10	14.9
Marital status of the parents
Married	8	14.0	16	26.7	18	26.9	0.160
Divorced/Separated/Widowed	20	35.1	12	20.0	21	31.3
Never married	29	50.9	32	53.3	28	41.8

Anthropometric

BMI z-score for age^d
Thin	1	1.8	1	1.7	2	3.0	0.867
Appropriate for age	45	78.9	45	75.0	54	80.6
Overweight/Obesity	11	19.3	14	23.3	11	16.4
Fat percentage
Low	6	10.5	5	8.3	15	22.4	0.111
Normal	43	75.5	46	76.7	43	64.2
Overweight	4	7.0	4	6.7	8	11.9
Obesity	4	7.0	5	8.3	1	1.5
Daily consumption of high-calorie foods
No consumption	46	80.7	46	76.7	53	79.1	0.876
Daily consumption	11	19.3	14	23.3	14	20.9
Daily consumption of fruits and vegetables
No consumption	25	43.9	34	56.7	31	46.3	0.335
Daily consumption	32	56.1	26	43.3	36	53.7
Mean minutes of daily MVPA^e	61.9	3.1	56.6	3.5	67.7	3.1	0.141

Behavior associated with PA	MARA+SMS group				MARA group				Control group				p

	(n = 57)				(n = 60)				(n = 67)

	T0^a		T1^b		T0		T1		T0		T1		T0	T1

	n	%	n	%	n	(%)	n	(%)	n	(%)	n	%
Frequency of PA during recess in the last 7 days^c
Always	18	31.6	18	31.6	23	38.3	32	53.3	27	40.3	16	23.9	0.737	0.01
Sometimes	35	61.4	36	63.2	31	51.7	26	43.3	33	49.3	47	70.2
Never	4	7.0	3	5.3	6	10.0	2	3.3	7	10.5	4	6.0
Most frequent activities during recess in the last 7 days^d
Sedentary behaviors^e	9	15.8	2	3.5	3	5.0	5	8.3	6	9.0	6	9.0	0.039	0.464
Behavior associated with light PA^f	3	5.3	3	5.3	11	18.3	6	10.0	14	20.9	8	11.9
Behavior associated with moderate to vigorous PA^g	45	79.0	52	91.2	46	76.7	49	81.7	47	70.2	53	79.1

Variable	MARA+SMS group		MARA group		Control group		P-values of difference-in-differences analysis

	(n = 44)		(n = 34)		(n = 42)		MARA versus Control	MARA+SMS versus Control	MARA+SMS versus MARA

	T0^a	T1^b	T0	T1	T0	T1
Daily MVPA (SE)	61.9 (3.06)	60.9 (3.06)	56.6 (3.49)	62.7 (3.49)	67.7 (3.15)	60.0 (3.15)	0.005	0.005	0.005
MVPA on weekdays (SE)	65.8 (3.27)	64.4 (3.27)	60.2 (3.73)	63.9 (3.73)	72.5 (3.36)	63.3 (3.36)	0.005	0.005	0.005
Daily light PA (SE)	311.9 (7.33)	294.8 (7.33)	279.3 (8.36)	298.0 (8.36)	301.2 (7.54)	281.3 (7.54)	0.002	0.003	0.002
Light PA on weekdays (SE)	318.7 (7.48)	301.1 (7.48)	281.6 (8.54)	305.1 (8.54)	308.9 (7.70)	283.2 (7.70)	0.002	0.003	0.002
Daily physical inactivity (SE)	543.6 (8.80)	532.1 (8.80)	547.6 (10.05)	531.8 (10.05)	502.5 (9.07)	513.3 (9.07)	0.003	0.003	0.001
Physical inactivity on weekdays (SE)	566.3 (9.62)	548.2 (9.62)	561.9 (10.99)	539.9 (10.99)	504.3 (9.92)	523.6 (9.92)	0.003	0.004	0.001
BMI z-score (SE)	0.05 (0.16)	0.1 (0.16)	0.4 (0.19)	0.4 (0.19)	-0.2 (0.17)	-0.1 (0.17)	0.847	0.945	0.990
Fat percentage (SE)	18.9 (0.82)	20.0 (0.83)	20.2 (1.03)	21.1 (1.03)	18.1 (0.93)	18.8 (0.93)	0.915	0.788	0.975

vertical_align_top file_download show_chart

more_horizclose
- image
- translate
- link
- article
- vertical_align_top
- file_download
- show_chart
- image
- translate
- link
- article

location_on

Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904 São Paulo SP Brazil, Tel./Fax: +55 11 3061-7985 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revsp@usp.br

rss_feed Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

[TFN1] MARA+SMS Group: intervention of Active Module of Active Recess + text messages; MARA Group: intervention of Active Module of Active Recess; BMI: body mass index

[TFN2] ^a SD: standard deviation of age in years.

[TFN3] ^b Socioeconomic level goes from 1 (low-low) to 6 (high) according to the characteristics of the households, and 1-2-3 are the lowest levels.

[TFN4] ^c The sum of the observations is not equal to total n because of missing values.

[TFN5] ^d The categories were defined according to the z-scores established in the growth patterns of the World Health Organization (WHO): z < -2 SD thinness; -2 SD < z < -1 DE risk of thinness; -1 SD < z < 1 SD appropriate for age; 1 SD < z < 2 SD overweight; z > 2 SD obesity.

[TFN6] ^e MVPA: moderate to vigorous physical activity. These results were obtained by accelerometry with n = 120.