DNA degradation is involved with low physiological potential of soybean seeds

Melero, Fabrício César; Masetto, Tathiana Elisa; Rocha, Leilaine Gomes da; Silva, Daynara Martins da; Crispim, Bruno do Amaral; Barufatti, Alexeia

doi:10.1590/1678-992X-2023-0250

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Crop Science • Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.) 81 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992X-2023-0250 copy

DNA degradation is involved with low physiological potential of soybean seeds

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The high quality of soybean seeds is essential for the success of the crop, as it determines the field performance of seedlings. Seed physiological attributes are associated with genotype stability; thus, the maintenance of genome integrity is crucial to ensure seed quality. To evaluate the quality of soybean seed lots at physiological and molecular levels, a completely randomized design was carried out in four replications, with 12 soybean seed lots (cv. BMX Potência RR). Seeds were evaluated through standard germination and vigor tests. Genomic DNA was extracted from the root meristem of seeds from different lots with the Kasvi Spin 50 ^® extraction kit. The analysis was performed through electrophoresis and visualized under ultraviolet (UV) light. The Comet assay was also applied to investigate DNA damage. Soybean seed lots exhibited differences in germination and vigor, as determined by the tests of accelerated aging, field emergence, emergence speed index, shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh mass, and shoot dry mass. In seeds with low germination and vigor, DNA damage and genotoxicity were observed. DNA from samples with high germination and vigor observed by the field emergence and accelerated aging tests was more preserved than DNA extracted from seeds with low physiological quality.

DNA integrity; comet assay; genotoxicity; seed vigor

Seed Lot	Seed Germination	FE	AA
	---------------------------------- % ----------------------------------
A	100	100	> 90
B	≥ 85 < 95	≥ 80 < 90	> 80
C	≤ 80	≤ 80	≤ 80

Seed lots	SG	AA	FE	ESI	EC
	---------------------- % ----------------------				µS cm ^–1 s ^–1
1	97 ^a	89 ^b	100 ^a	11 ^a	35 ^a
2	97 ^a	69 ^c	100 ^a	10 ^b	36 ^a
3	93 ^b	88 ^b	100 ^a	11 ^a	34 ^a
4	85 ^c	83 ^b	100 ^a	10 ^b	31 ^a
5	96 ^a	83 ^b	100 ^a	11 ^a	35 ^a
6	92 ^b	69 ^c	100 ^a	10 ^b	46 ^a
7	100 ^a	98 ^a	100 ^a	11 ^a	37 ^a
8	98 ^a	92 ^a	100 ^a	11 ^a	21 ^a
9	98 ^a	99 ^a	100 ^a	10 ^b	33 ^a
10	100 ^a	97 ^a	100 ^a	10 ^b	43 ^a
11	53 ^e	0 ^e	24 ^c	2 ^d	26 ^a
12	70 ^d	37 ^d	79 ^b	7 ^c	37 ^a

Seed lots	SL	RL	SFM	RFM	SDM	RDM
	-------- cm --------		----------------------- g -----------------------
1	4.47 ^a	11.31 ^a	0.22 ^b	0.07 ^b	0.13 ^a	0.06 ^a
2	3.22 ^b	7.20 ^b	0.18 ^c	0.04 ^c	0.09 ^b	0.02 ^a
3	4.93 ^a	11.76 ^a	0.23 ^b	0.06 ^b	0.12 ^a	0.03 ^a
4	4.20 ^a	9.00 ^a	0.21 ^b	0.17 ^a	0.10 ^b	0.01 ^a
5	4.90 ^a	10.30 ^a	0.22 ^b	0.05 ^b	0.08 ^b	0.02 ^a
6	4.50 ^a	11.30 ^a	0.24 ^a	0.06 ^b	0.14 ^a	0.03 ^a
7	4.56 ^a	10.46 ^a	0.24 ^a	0.08 ^b	0.09 ^b	0.03 ^a
8	4.96 ^a	10.80 ^a	0.21 ^b	0.07 ^b	0.11 ^b	0.02 ^a
9	4.04 ^a	9.21 ^a	0.25 ^a	0.07 ^b	0.13 ^a	0.12 ^a
10	4.19 ^a	10.17 ^a	0.26 ^a	0.08 ^b	0.11 ^b	0.05 ^a
11	2.36 ^c	7.19 ^b	0.12 ^d	0.01 ^c	0.14 ^a	0.01 ^a
12	3.46 ^b	6.21 ^b	0.14 ^d	0.02 ^c	0.08 ^b	0.01 ^a

Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" USP/ESALQ - Scientia Agricola, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, 13418-900 Piracicaba SP Brazil, Phone: +55 19 3429-4401 / 3429-4486 - Piracicaba - SP - Brazil
E-mail: scientia@usp.br

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[1] * Corresponding author < tmasetto@gmail.com >