Bacillus anthracis as terrorist threat

As from 2001, the use of biological agents reinforced the possibility of its consolidation as warfare. This descriptive study aims to discuss the contingency strategies for anthrax attack, seeking early recognition and establishment of containment measures. Health professionals need to recognize the infection since the key-element during an attack is medical rather than military one. Anthrax inhalation is the most likely form of attack with 100% mortality rate, if no immediate treatment is provided. The virus is highly resistant; has an incubation period of one to six days; its early symptoms are similar to influenza's; diagnosis is only allowed in NB3; the vaccine is the one recommended for risk occupations, of restricted availability; and requires long antibiotic prophylaxis.

Bacillus anthracis; Bioterrorism; Exposure to biological agents; Risk; Public health