Brazil |
Unknown spill, 2019 |
Largest oil spill in tropical waters in the world, with 5,000 tons of oily waste dumped, 4,000 km of coastline, 1,009 beaches in 11 Brazilian states and 55 conservation units affected. More than 40 marine protected areas and two of the largest environmental protection areas in the South Atlantic and other tropical ecosystems unique for their biodiversity were affected. It has social, economic and environmental impacts that can last for a decade. |
Silva et al.3131 Silva LRC, Pessoa VM, Carneiro FF, et al. Derramamento de petróleo no litoral brasileiro: (in)visibilidade de saberes e descaso com a vida de marisqueiras. Ciênc. saúde coletiva. 2021 [acesso em 2022 mar 3]; 26(12):6027-6036. Disponível em: https://doi. org/10.1590/1413-812320212612.15172021. https://doi. org/10.1590/1413-8123202126...
; Ladle3232 Ladle RJ, Malhado ACM, Campos-Silva JV, et al. Brazil’s mystery oil spill: an ongoing social disaster. Nature. 2020 [acesso em 2022 fev 10]; 578:37. Disponível em: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00242-x. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-0...
; Pena et al.3333 Pena PGL, Northcross AL, Lima MAG, et al. Derramamento de óleo bruto na costa brasileira em 2019: emergência em saúde pública em questão. Cad. Saúde Pública. 2020 [acesso em 2022 fev 18]; 36(2):e00231019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102--311X00231019. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102--311X002310...
; Soares et al.3434 Soares MO, Teixeira CEP, Bezerra LEA, et al. Oil spill in South Atlantic (Brazil): Environmental and governmental disaster. Marine Policy. 2020 [acesso em 2022 mar 3]; (115):103879. Disponível em: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103879. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.1...
; Magalhães et al.3535 Magalhães KM, Barros KVS, Lima MCS, et al. Oil spill + COVID-19: A disastrous year for Brazilian seagrass conservation. Sci Total Environ. 2021 [acesso em 2022 fev 18]; (764):142872. Disponível em: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S0048969720364020. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ar...
; Zacharias et al.3636 Zacharias DC, Gama CM, Fornaro A. Mysterious oil spill on Brazilian coast: Analysis and estimates. Mar Pollut Bull. 2021 [acesso em 2022 mar 3]; (165):112125. Disponível em: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0025326X21001594. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ar...
; Soares et al.3737 Soares MO, Teixeira CEP, Bezerra LEA, et al. Brazil oil spill response: Time for coordination. Science. 2020 [acesso em 2022 mar 3]; 367(6474):155. Disponível em: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aaz9993. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scie...
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India |
Ships collision, 2017 |
Spill caused by the collision of two cargo ships about 2 miles off the coast of Chennai. About 75 tons of heavy fuel oil were released into the Bay of Bengal. |
Han et al.3838 Han Y, Nambi IM, Clement TP. Environmental impacts of the Chennai oil spill accident – A case study. Sci Total Environ. 2018 [acesso em 2022 fev 10]; (626):795-806. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018...
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Taiwan |
Shipwreck, 2016 |
Grounding of the TS Taipei freighter 400 meters off the coast, causing the spill of about 417 tons of diesel oil. The incident occurred close to important and sensitive coastal environments, fishing and tourist areas and two water collection stations of a nuclear power plant. |
Fan et al.3939 Fan C, Hsu CJ, Lin JY, et al. Taiwan’s legal framework for marine pollution control and responses to marine oil spills and its implementation on T.S. Taipei cargo shipwreck salvage. Mar Poll Bull. 2018 [acesso em 2022 fev 10]; (136):84-91. Disponível em: https://doi. org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.09.005. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.201...
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USA |
Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explosion, 2010 |
Largest oil spill in US history. Oil platform explosion, releasing approximately 626,000 tons of crude oil approximately 1,500 meters below the sea surface. The disaster forced the shutdown of commercial fishing in the state of Louisiana, resulting in an estimated 11% reduction in fishermen's income, 23% in commerce, which impacted a 28% decline in employment for all sectors associated with this industry. It brought serious damage to tourism, food and fishing communities in the region. |
Ylitalo et al.4040 Ylitalo GM, Krahn MM, Dickhoff WW, et al. Federal seafood safety response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Pnas. 2012 [acesso em 2022 mar 7]; 109(50):20274-20279. Disponível em: http://www.pnas.org/ cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1108886109. http://www.pnas.org/ cgi/doi/10.1073/pna...
; Simon-Friedt et al.4141 Simon-Friedt BR, Howard JL, Wilson MJ, et al. Louisiana residents’ self-reported lack of information following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: Effects on seafood consumption and risk perception. J Environ Manage. 2016 [acesso em 2022 mar 3]; (180):526-37. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.05.030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.0...
; Lubchenco et al.4242 Lubchenco J, McNutt MK, Dreyfus G, et al. Science in support of the Deepwater Horizon response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 [acesso em 2022 fev 20]; 109(50):20212-21. Disponível em: https://doi. org/10.1073/pnas.1204729109. https://doi. org/10.1073/pnas.1204729109...
; Osofsky, Osofsky4343 Osofsky JD, Osofsky HJ. Hurricane Katrina and the Gulf Oil Spill: Lessons learned about short-term and long-term effects. Int J Psychol. 2021 [acesso em 2022 fev 18]; 56(1):56-63. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12729. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12729...
; Birkland, DeYoung4444 Birkland TA, DeYoungy SE. Emergency Response, Doctrinal Confusion, and Federalism in the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. J. Federalism. 2011 [acesso em 2022 fev 25]; 41(3):471-493. Disponível em: https:// doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjr011. https:// doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjr011...
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South Korea |
Hebei Spirit collision, 2007 |
Collision of the Hebei Spirit vessel with a crane barge off the coast of Taean County, causing the worst oil spill in Korea and the second largest in the world, with the spill of 290,000 tons of crude oil over 375 km across the south coast, polluting and affecting fishermen, restaurant owners, and residents of the region. |
Hur4545 Hur JY. Disaster management from the perspective of governance: case study of the Hebei Spirit oil spill. Disast. Prevent. Manag. 2012 [acesso em 2022 fev 10]; 21(03):288-298. Disponível em: https://doi. org/10.1108/09653561211234471. https://doi. org/10.1108/096535612112344...
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Lebanon |
Jiyyeh plant oil spill, 2006 |
Large oil spill from coastal Jiyyeh plant caused by bombing in the Lebanese-Israeli war. Released 15,000 tons of fuel oil into the Mediterranean Sea. |
Takshe et al.4646 Takshe AA, Huby M, Frantzi S, et al. Dealing with pollution from conflict: Analysis of discourses around the 2006 Lebanon oil spill. J. Enviro. Manag. 2010 [acesso em 2022 mar 3]; 91:887-896. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.11.005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.1...
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Pakistan |
Tasman Spirit grounding, 2003 |
Ship grounding, releasing approximately 31,000 tons of crude oil into the sea, causing extensive environmental damage along the coast of Karachi, affecting 270 km2 of seabed, impacting marine ecosystems and coastal areas. Approximately 300,000 people may have been affected, with damage estimated between US$ 1.5 and US$ 2 billion. |
Mian, Bennett.4747 Mian S, Bennett S. The Tasman Spirit oil spill: implications for regulatory change in Pakistan. Disasters. 2009 [acesso em 2022 fev 18]; 33(3):390-411. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7717.2008.01080.x. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7717.2008...
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Spain |
Prestige shipwreck, 2002 |
Prestige shipwreck, an oil tanker carrying 77,033 tons of heavy fuel. It affected the northwest coast of Spain, 400 km off the coast, which is home to one of the main fishing communities in the European Union. |
Carrasco et al.4848 Carrasco JM, Lope V, Pérez-Gómez B, et al. Association between health information, use of protective devices and occurrence of acute health problems in the Prestige oil spill clean-up in Asturias and Cantabria (Spain): a cross-sectional study. BMC. 2006 [acesso em 2022 fev 25]; (6):1. Disponível em: https://doi. org/10.1186/1471-2458-6-1. https://doi. org/10.1186/1471-2458-6-1...
; Surís-Regueiro et al.4949 Surís-Regueiro JC, Garza-Gil MD, Varela-Lafuente MM. The Prestige oil spill and its economic impact on the Galician fishing sector. Disasters. 2007 [acesso em 2022 mar 20]; 31(2):201-15. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7717.2007.01004.x. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7717.2007...
; Salomone5050 Salomone M. Ecological riches threatened as oil-spill history repeats itself. Nature. 2002 [acesso em 2022 fev 18]; (420):347. Disponível em: https://doi. org/10.1038/420347a. https://doi. org/10.1038/420347a...
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Taiwan |
Amorgos spill, 2001 |
Spill from the Greek freighter Amorgos off the coast of the Kenting Peninsula, with about 35,000 tons of ore. About 1,300 tons of fuel oil are estimated to have leaked, contaminating 3.5 km of coastline along the Long Kun Ecological Conservation Area. |
Chiau5151 Chiau WY. Changes in the marine pollution management system in response to the Amorgos oil spill in Taiwan. Mar Pollut Bull. 2005 [acesso em 2022 fev 25]; 51(8-12):1041-7. Disponível em: https://doi. org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.02.048. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.200...
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Canada |
Tanker grounding, 1970 |
Grounding of old tanker SS Arrow, carrying 14,700 tons of fuel oil, in Chedabucto Bay, on the east coast of Nova Scotia, Canada. About two-thirds of its cargo was released into the bay's waters due to weather conditions. |
Lee et al.5252 Lee K, Wells PG, Gordon DC. Reflecting on an anniversary. The 1970 SS Arrow oil spill in Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada. Mar Poll. Bull. 2020 [acesso em 2022 fev 10]; (157):111332. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020...
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