The article analyses the reception of the thought of Roger Bastide in Brazil, during almost two decades, between 1938 and 1954. Bastide, as a teacher, a researcher and a thinker, established different relationships with his contemporaries and his pupils. This essay calls attention to the impact and the importance of Bastide's thoughts in the country, especially in four ex-pupils and Brazilian social scientists: Antônio Cândido, Florestan Fernandes, Gilda de Mello e Souza e Maria Isaura Pereira de Queiroz.