Abstract
Particularly for developing countries, we should not analyse the triad productivity, competitiveness and innovation only considering economics and/or administrative aspects. It is of paramount importance to include in the investigation specific factors of each country, such as sequels due to the way colonization occurred, aggressions against the environment, geographic position, besides questions of political and institutional order, for many of them have not yet achieved harmony in these issues.
Key-words:
Industrial productivity; Unproductivity; Competitiveness; Innovation; Social and cultural factors