Neves, W.S; Freitas, L.G.; Coutinho, M.M.; Giaretta-Dallemole, R.; Fabry, C.F.S.; Dhingra, O.D. & Ferraz, S. Nematicidal activity of extracts of red hot chili pepper, mustard and garlic on Meloidogyne javanica in green house. Summa Phytopathologica, v.35, n.4, p.255-261, 2009 The experiment had the objectives of evaluate the nematicidal activity of botanical extracts of chili pepper fruits (Capsicum frutescens), mustard (Brassica campestris) and garlig (Allium sativum) on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica in tomato plants in the greenhouse, and in a second step, to compare the best extracts for the reduction of the number of eggs and root galls with two products containing capsaicin, capsainoids and allyl isothiocyanate. A sieved mixture of soil and sand 1:1 (v:v) was used to fill plastic pots and infested with 4000 eggs of M. javanica. After 4 days, 20 mL of one of the extracts, in the concentration of 1000ppm, were poured over the soil of each pot. Water was poured in the test treatment. Twenty day-old tomato seedlings were planted, one per pot, four days after the aplication of the extracts. Forty five days after planting, the number of galls and eggs per plant was evaluated. The chloroformic and cetonic extracts of chili pepper and the mustard oil presented the highest effect on the nematode population, differing from the control treatment in respect to the number of galls, but only the mustard oil differed from the control in the number of eggs per plant. The chloroformic and cetonic extracts of chili pepper and the mustard oil reduced in 34,5%, 40,4% and 99,9% the number of galls, respectively, and the mustard oil reduced the number of eggs in 99,9%. In the following experiment, the chloroformic extract of chili pepper, the mustard oil, a commercial product (Champon®) and a product in development at the UFV called DS, both containing capsaicin, capsainoids and allyl isothiocyanate, were compared at different concentrations. The Champon®, the DS and the mustard oil reduced the egg and gall numbers in comparison with the control treatment in all the tested concentrations. The pepper extract show the best result at 400 ppm, reducing the number of galls and eggs per root system in relation to the control treatment, however, these numbers were much higher than the observed in the Champon® and the DS treatments.
control; botanical extracts; M. javanica; tomato
