Asthma66. Martineau AR, Cates CJ, Urashima M, et al. Vitamin D forthe management of asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;9:CD011511.
|
500 IU/day to 4000 IU /day |
Reduction of risk of exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids and risk of having at least one exacerbation requiring an emergency department visit or hospitalization or both. No difference in predicted percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second, asthma control test scores or risk of serious adverse events. |
Moderate to high |
Atopic eczema77. Bath-Hextall FJ, Jenkinson C, Humphreys R, Williams HC. Dietary supplements for established atopic eczema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(2):CD005205.
|
1000 IU/day to 1600 IU/day |
No reliable evidence for benefits or harm. |
- |
Sickle cell disease88. Soe HH, Abas AB, Than NN, et al. Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;1:CD010858.
|
240,000 to 600,000 IU in six weeks |
Higher serum vitamin D levels at eight, 16 and 24 weeks. |
- |
Multiple sclerosis99. Jagannath VA, Fedorowicz Z, Asokan GV, Robak EW, Whamond L. Vitamin D for the management of multiple sclerosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(12):CD008422.
|
4,000 IU/day to 40,000 IU/day |
No reliable evidence for benefits or harm. |
- |
Epilepsy1010. Ranganathan LN, Ramaratnam S. Vitamins for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(2):CD004304.
|
2,000 IU/day |
No reliable evidence for benefits or harm. |
- |
Prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women and older men1111. Avenell A, Mak JC, O'Gonnell D. Vitamin D and vitamin D analogues for preventing fractures in post-menopausal women and older men. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014; (4):CD000227.
|
Many schemes and formulations of vitamin D. For detailed explanations, see full version. |
No statistical difference in prevention of hip fracture or any new fracture (vitamin D alone, without calcium). |
High |
Prevention of adverse outcomes in pregnancy1212. De-Regil LM, Palacios C, Lombardo LK, Peña-Rosas JP. Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(1):CD008873.
|
200 IU/day to 2000 IU/day 35,000 IU/week 200,000 IU to 600,000 IU in single dose |
Reductions in preterm birth and in low birthweight. No difference in preeclampsia, gestational diabetes or adverse events. |
Moderate |
Chronic painful conditions in adults1313. Straube S, Derry S, Straube C, Moore RA. Vitamin D for the treatment of chronic painful conditions in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(5):CD007771.
|
1,200 IU/day to 100,000 IU/day 50,000 IU/week 150,000 IU in single dose |
No difference in pain relief or pain-related outcomes. |
- |
Prevention of cancer in adults1414. Bjelakovic G, Gluud LL, Nikolova D, et al. Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of cancer in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(6):CD007469.
|
300 IU/day to 3333 IU/day |
No reduction in cancer occurrence rate. Slightly reduction in all-cause mortality. Slight reduction in cancer mortality favoring vitamin D (only for cholecalciferol form). |
Low to moderate |
Cystic fibrosis1515. Ferguson JH, Chang AB. Vitamin D supplementation for cystic fibrosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(5):CD007298.
|
800 IU/day to 1600 IU/day 250,000 IU in single dose |
No difference in overall and respiratory outcomes or in vitamin D deficiency disorders. |
- |
Prevention of mortality among adults1616. Bjelakovic G, Gluud LL, Nikolova D, et al. Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(1):CD007470.
|
400 IU/day to 100,000 IU/day 18,000 IU/day to 100,000 IU/day 300,000 IU in single dose |
Small reductions in all-cause mortality and in cancer-related mortality. Higher risk of nephrolithiasis in treated group (cholecalciferol). |
- |
Recovery from hip fracture among elderly people1717. Avenell A, Smith TO, Curtain JP, Mak JC, Myint PK. Nutritional supplementation for hip fracture aftercare in older people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016; 11 :CD001880.
|
800 IU/dayto 2,000IU/day 50,000 IU in single dose to 100,000 IU in single dose |
No difference in mortality or risk of fall-related injury. |
- |
Latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) in adults1818. Brophy S, Davies H, Mannan S, Brunt H, Williams R. Interventions for latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(9):CD006165.
|
Alfacalcidol 0.25 ug/day |
No reliable evidence for benefits or harm. |
- |
Sexual dysfunction among patients with chronic kidney disease1919. Vecchio M, Navaneethan SD, Johnson DW, et al. Interventions for treating sexual dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(12):CD007747.
|
Calcitriol 0.25-1.5 ug/d |
No reliable evidence for benefits or harm. |
- |
Cases of chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis2020. Palmer SC, McGregor DO, Craig JC, et al. Vitamin D compounds for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(4):CD008175.
|
4000 IU/day Calcitriol 0.25-1 ug/d Paricalcitol 1-2 ug/day |
No difference in mortality or risk of dialysis. |
- |
Cases of chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis2121. Palmer SC, McGregor DO, Craig JC, et al. Vitamin D compounds for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(4):CD005633.
|
Many schemes and formulations for vitamin D. For detailed explanations, see full version. |
No reliable evidence for benefits or harm. |
- |
Metabolic bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease2222. Hahn D, Hodson EM, Craig JC. Interventions for metabolic bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(11):CD008327.
|
Many schemes and formulations for vitamin D. For detailed explanations, see full version. |
No reliable evidence for benefits or harm. |
- |
Kidney transplant recipients2323. Palmer SC, McGregor DO, Strippoli GF Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(3):CD005015.
|
Many schemes and formulations of vitamin D. For detailed explanations, see full version. |
No reliable evidence for benefits or harm. |
- |
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease2424. Bolignano D, Palmer SC, Ruospo M, et al. Interventions for preventing the progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(7):CD010294.
|
Calcitriol 0.25 to 1 μg/day |
No reliable evidence for benefits or harm. |
- |
Prevention of bone outcomes in healthy children2525. Winzenberg TM, Powell S, Shaw KA, Jones G. Vitamin D supplementation for improving bone mineral density in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(10):CD006944.
|
133 IU/day to 2000 IU/day |
No differences in total body bone mineral content, hip bone mineral density, lumbar spine bone mineral density or forearm bone mineral density. |
- |
Prevention of nutritional rickets in term-born children2626. Lerch C, Meissner T Interventions forthe prevention of nutritional rickets in term born children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(4):CD006164.
|
400 IU/day |
No reduction in the risk of rickets. |
- |
Prevention of infections in children under five years of age2727. Yakoob MY, Salam RA, Khan FR, Bhutta ZA. Vitamin D supplementation for preventing infections in children under five years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016; 11 :CD008824.
|
400 IU/day to 2500 IU/day |
No differences in all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, risk of pneumonia or risk of diarrhea. |
Low to moderate |
Children and adults with HIV infection2828. Visser ME, Durao S, Sinclair D, Irlam JH, Siegfried N. Micronutrient supplementation in adults with HIV infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;5:CD003650.
|
4,000 IU/day to 7,000 IU/day 100,000 IU in single dose |
No difference in mortality among HIV patients with active tuberculosis or in CD4 cell count. |
Very low to moderate |
Active tuberculosis2929. Grobler L, Nagpal S, Sudarsanam TD, Sinclair D. Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(6):CD006086.
|
200/day to 600 IU/day |
No differences in mortality, tuberculosis cure at 6 months or sputum-smear or sputum-culture positivity at 8 weeks. |
- |
Prevention of falls among stroke victims3030. Verheyden GS, Weerdesteyn V, Pickering RM, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in people after stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(5):CD008728.
|
Many schemes and formulations for vitamin D. For detailed explanations, see full version. |
No differences in risk of falls or in the number of fallers (compared with use of placebo or alendronate). |
- |
Prevention of falls among elderly people in care facilities and hospitals3131. Cameron ID, Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;12:CD005465.
|
Many schemes and formulations for vitamin D. For detailed explanations, see full version. |
Reduction in rate of falls. No reduction in the risk of falling. |
- |
Prevention of falls among elderly people living in the community3232. Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(9):CD007146.
|
800 IU/day to 2000 IU/day |
No difference in the risk of falling. |
- |