The Brazilian version of the Bournemouth questionnaire for low back pain: translation and cultural adaptation

Kamonseki, Danilo Harudy; Fonseca, Carlos Luques; Calixtre, Letícia Bojikian

doi:10.1590/1516-3180.2018.0482120419

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Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Sao Paulo Med. J. 137 (3) • May-Jun 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2018.0482120419 copy

The Brazilian version of the Bournemouth questionnaire for low back pain: translation and cultural adaptation

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

The Bournemouth questionnaire is a multidimensional instrument for evaluating health domains among patients with low back pain.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Bournemouth questionnaire for individuals with low back pain, to Brazilian Portuguese.

DESIGN AND SETTINGS:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Federal University of São Carlos.

METHODS:

The Brazilian version of the Bournemouth questionnaire was developed following the processes of translation, back-translation, committee review and pre-testing. The translation phase involved two independent bilingual translators whose mother language was Brazilian Portuguese. The back-translation phase involved two independent translators whose mother language was English. In order to verify comprehension of the questionnaire, 44 individuals (43.1% men) with low back pain, and with mean age of 45.4 ± 13.8 years, participated in the pre-testing phase.

RESULTS:

During the translation phase, some terms and expressions were changed to obtain cultural equivalence to the original Bournemouth questionnaire. In the pre-testing phase, each item of the questionnaire showed a comprehension level of over 90%.

CONCLUSION:

The Bournemouth questionnaire was translated and culturally adapted to the Portuguese language, to be used among individuals with low back pain.

KEY WORDS:
Translations; Surveys and questionnaires; Outcome assessment; Back pain

Bournemouth questionnaire	T1 and T2 versions	T12 consensual version
1. Over the past week, on average how would you rate your back pain? No pain/Worst pain possible	T1. Ao longo da última semana, como você classificaria, em média, sua dor nas costas? Não senti dor/Senti a pior dor possível. T2. Durante a última semana, em média, como você classificaria sua dor nas costas? Sem dor/Pior dor possível.	Durante a última semana, em média, como você classificaria sua dor nas costas? Sem dor/Pior dor possível.
2. Over the past week, how much has your back pain interfered with your daily activities (housework, washing, dressing, walking, climbing stairs, getting in/out of bed/chair)? No interference/Unable to carry out activities	T1. Ao longo da última semana, quanto sua dor nas costas interferiu nas atividades cotidianas (trabalhos do lar, banhar-se, vestir-se, caminhar, subir/descer escadas, levantar-se/deitar-se na cama, levantar-se/sentar-se na cadeira)? Não houve interferência/Sequer consegui executar essas atividades. T2. Durante a última semana, quanto sua dor nas costas interferiu suas atividades diárias (tarefas domésticas, limpeza, vestir-se, andar, subir escadas, deitar-se ou levantar-se da cama/de cadeiras)? Não interferiu/Impossibilitou a realização de atividades.	Ao longo da última semana, quanto sua dor nas costas interferiu nas atividades diárias (tarefas domésticas, tomar banho, colocar roupa, caminhar, subir/descer escadas, levantar-se/deitar-se na cama, levantar-se/sentar-se na cadeira)? Não houve interferência/Impossibilitou a realização de atividades.
3. Over the past week, how much has your back pain interfered with your ability to take part in recreational, social, and family activities? No interference/Unable to carry out activities	T1. Ao longo da última semana, quanto sua dor nas costas interferiu na sua aptidão para participar de atividades recreativas, sociais e/ou familiares? Não houve interferência/Sequer consegui executar essas atividades. T2. Durante a última semana, quanto sua dor nas costas interferiu na sua habilidade em participar em atividades recreativas, sociais e familiares? Não interferiu/Impossibilitou a realização de atividades.	Ao longo da última semana, quanto sua dor nas costas interferiu nas suas atividades recreativas, sociais e/ou familiares? Não interferiu/Impossibilitou a realização de atividades.
4. Over the past week, how anxious (tense, uptight, irritable, difficulty in concentrating/relaxing) have you been feeling? Not at all anxious/Extremely anxious	T1. Ao longo da última semana, quão ansioso(a) você se sentiu? (tenso(a), irritadiço(a), com dificuldade para se concentrar/relaxar). Não me senti ansioso(a)/Me senti extremamente ansioso(a). T2. Durante a última semana, quão ansioso (tenso, nervoso, irritado, com dificuldade em se concentrar/relaxar) você tem se sentido? Nada ansioso/Extremamente ansioso.	Ao longo da última semana, quão ansioso(a) você se sentiu (tenso(a), irritado(a), com dificuldade para se concentrar/relaxar)? Nada ansioso/Extremamente ansioso.
5. Over the past week, how depressed (down-in-the-dumps, sad, in low spirits, pessimistic, unhappy) have you been feeling? Not at all depressed/Extremely depressed	T1. Ao longo da última semana, quão deprimido(a) você se sentiu? (desanimado(a), triste, pessimista, infeliz). Não me senti deprimido(a)/Me senti extremamente deprimido(a). T2. Durante a última semana, quão depressivo (pra baixo, triste, desanimado, pessimista, infeliz) você tem se sentido? Nada depressivo/Extremamente depressivo.	Ao longo da última semana, quão deprimido(a) você se sentiu (desanimado(a), triste, pessimista, infeliz)? Nada depressivo/Extremamente depressivo.
6. Over the past week, how have you felt your work (both inside and outside the home) has affected (or would affect) your back pain? Have made it no worse/Have made it much worse	T1. Ao longo da última semana, quanto você acha que seu trabalho (dentro ou fora de casa) interferiu na sua dor nas costas? Não interferiu nada/Piorou muito a dor nas costas. T2. Durante a última semana, quanto você sentiu que seu trabalho (tanto dentro quanto fora de casa) afetou (ou afetaria) sua dor nas costas? Não piorou/Piorou bastante.	Ao longo da última semana, quanto você acha que seu trabalho (dentro ou fora de casa) afetou na sua dor nas costas? Não piorou/Piorou muito.
7. Over the past week, how much have you been able to control (reduce/help) your back pain on your own? Completely control it/No control whatsoever	T1. Ao longo da última semana, quanto você conseguiu controlar (reduzir/aliviar) sua dor nas costas por conta própria? Consegui controlar completamente/Não consegui controlar nem um pouco. Consegui controlar completamente/Não consegui controlar nem um pouco. T2. Durante a última semana, quanto você tem sido capaz de controlar (reduzir/ajudar) sozinho sua dor nas costas? Controle total/Nenhum controle.	Ao longo da última semana, quanto você conseguiu controlar (reduzir/aliviar) sua dor nas costas por conta própria? Controle total/Não consegui controlar.

Bournemouth questionnaire	Differences between BT1 and BT2 versions
1. Over the past week, on average how would you rate your back pain? No pain/Worst pain possible	BT1. During the last week, on average, how would you classify your back pain? Without pain/Worst pain possible. BT2. During the past week, on average, how would you rate your back pain? No pain/Worst pain possible.
2. Over the past week, how much has your back pain interfered with your daily activities (housework, washing, dressing, walking, climbing stairs, getting in/out of bed/chair)? No interference/Unable to carry out activities	BT1. Over the last week, how much did your back pain interfere in daily activities (housework, bathing, dressing, walking, going up/down stairs, getting up from/sitting down on a chair)? Did not interfere/Made performance of activities impossible. BT2. Over the past week, to what extent did your back pain interfere in your daily activities (household chores, washing, dressing, walking, going up/downstairs, getting into/out of bed, getting up from/sitting down on a chair)? It did not interfere/Unable to carry out activities.
3. Over the past week, how much has your back pain interfered with your ability to take part in recreational, social, and family activities? No interference/Unable to carry out activities	BT1. Over the last week, how much did your back pain interfere with your recreational, social and/or family activities? Did not interfere/Made performance of activities impossible. BT2. Over the past week, to what extent did your back pain interfere in your recreational, social and/or family activities? It did not interfere/Unable to carry out activities.
4. Over the past week, how anxious (tense, uptight, irritable, difficulty in concentrating/relaxing) have you been feeling? Not at all anxious/Extremely anxious	BT1. Over the last week, how anxious have you felt (tense, irritated, with difficulty concentrating/relaxing)? Not anxious at all/Extremely anxious. BT2. Over the past week, how anxious have you felt (tense, irritated, unable to concentrate/relax)? Not at all anxious/Extremely anxious.
5. Over the past week, how depressed (down-in-the-dumps, sad, in low spirits, pessimistic, unhappy) have you been feeling? Not at all depressed/Extremely depressed	BT1. Over the last week, how depressed have you felt (gloomy, sad, pessimistic, unhappy)? Not depressed at all/Extremely depressed. BT2. Over the past week, how depressed have you felt (down, sad, pessimistic, unhappy)? Not at all depressed/Extremely depressed.
6. Over the past week, how have you felt your work (both inside and outside the home) has affected (or would affect) your back pain? Have made it no worse/Have made it much worse	BT1. Over the last week, to what extent do you think your work (inside or outside the home) affected/would affect your back pain? Did not get worse/Got much worse. BT2. Over the past week, to what extent do you think that your work (inside or outside of your home) affected/could affect your back pain? It did not make it worse/It made it a lot worse.
7. Over the past week, how much have you been able to control (reduce/help) your back pain on your own? Completely control it/No control whatsoever	BT1. Over the last week, to what extent have you been able to control (reduce/relieve) your back pain on your own? Total control/No control. BT2. Over the last week, to what extent were you able to reduce/alleviate your back pain by yourself? Completely/Not at all.

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[1] Address for correspondence: Danilo Harudy Kamonseki, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR). Rodovia Washington Luiz, s/n^o, São Carlos (SP) - Brasil. CEP 13565-905. Cel. (+55 15) 98107-1743. E-mail: fisiot.danilo@hotmail.com