Rab1616 Rab M, Grünbeck M, Beck H, et al. Intra-individual comparison between open and 2-portal endoscopic release in clinically matched bilateral carpal syndrome. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2006;59(7):730-6. PMID: 16782569; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2005.11.018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2005.11.0...
|
Austria |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Endoscopic |
Classic open CTD release |
10 |
20 |
12 |
|
Siegmeth1717 Siegmeth AW, Hopkinson-Woolley JA. Standard open decompression in carpal tunnel syndrome compared with a modified open technique preserving the superficial skin nerves: a prospective randomized study. J Hand Surg Am. 2006;31(9):1483-9. PMID: 17095378; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2006.07.018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2006.07.0...
|
United Kingdom |
Paresthesia + special tests |
– |
CTD open modified release |
Classic open CTD release |
42 |
84 |
6 |
x |
Zyluk1818 Zyluk A, Strychar J. A comparison of two limited open techniques for carpal tunnel release. J Hand Surg Br. 2006;31(5):466-72. PMID: 16875764; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsb.2006.05.017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsb.2006.05.0...
|
Poland |
Unspecified |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
CTD open modified release |
CTD open modified release |
65 |
73 |
12 |
x |
Forward1919 Forward DP, Singh AK, Lawrence TM, et al. Preservation of the ulnar bursa within the carpal tunnel: does it improve the outcome of carpal tunnel surgery? A randomized, controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(11):2432-8. PMID: 17079401; https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.F.00013. https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.F.00013...
|
United Kingdom |
Graham Criteria (CTS-6) |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD release |
CTD open modified release |
112 |
112 |
3 |
x |
Atroshi2020 Atroshi I, Larsson GU, Ornstein E, et al. Outcomes of endoscopic surgery compared with open surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome among employed patients: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2006;332(7556):1473. PMID: 16777857; https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38863.632789.1F. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38863.632789...
|
Sweden |
Diagram Katz |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Endoscopic |
Classic open CTD release |
128 |
128 |
12 |
x |
Huemer2121 Huemer GM, Koller M, Pachinger T, et al. Postoperative splinting after open carpal tunnel release does not improve functional and neurological outcome. Muscle Nerve. 2007;36(4):528-31. PMID: 17617802; https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.20839. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.20839...
|
Austria |
Unspecified |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD + release Small bandage |
Classic open CTD release + Bulky bandage |
50 |
50 |
3 |
|
Pomerance2222 Pomerance J, Fine I. Outcomes of carpal tunnel surgery with and without supervised postoperative therapy. J Hand Surg Am. 2007;32(8):1159-65. PMID: 17923296; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2007.05.001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2007.05.0...
|
United States |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD release + Physiotherapy |
Classic open CTD release |
150 |
150 |
6 |
x |
Atroshi2323 Atroshi I, Hofer M, Larsson GU, et al. Open compared with 2-portal endoscopic carpal tunnel release: a 5-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. J Hand Surg Am. 2009;34(2):266-72. PMID: 19181226; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2008.10.026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2008.10.0...
|
Sweden |
Katz Diagram |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Endoscopic |
Classic open CTD release |
126 |
126 |
60 |
|
Gordon2424 Gordon T, Amirjani N, Edwards DC, Chan KM. Brief post-surgical electrical stimulation accelerates axon regeneration and muscle reinnervation without affecting the functional measures in carpal tunnel syndrome patients. Exp Neurol. 2010;223(1):192-202. PMID: 19800329; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.09.020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2009...
|
Canada |
Unspecified |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Physiotherapy |
Classic open CTD release |
21 |
21 |
12 |
|
Faraj2525 Faraj AA, Ahmed MH, Saeed OA. A comparative study of the surgical management of carpal tunnel syndrome by mini-transverse wrist incisions versus traditional longitudinal technique. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2012;22(3):221-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00590-011-0833-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00590-011-083...
|
Iraq |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
CTD open modified release |
Classic open CTD release |
40 |
40 |
3 |
|
Nabhan2626 Nabhan A, Steudel WI, Dedeman L, Al-Khayat J, Ishak B. Subcutaneous local anesthesia versus intravenous regional anesthesia for endoscopic carpal tunnel release: a randomized controlled trial. J Neurosurg. 2011;114(1):240-4. PMID: 20415525; https://doi.org/10.3171/2008.2.17395. https://doi.org/10.3171/2008.2.17395...
|
Germany |
Unspecified |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD release + local anaesthesia |
Classic open CTD release + regional anesthesia |
43 |
43 |
6 |
x |
Eriji2727 Ejiri S, Kikuchi S, Maruya M, et al. Short-term results of endoscopic (Okutsu method) versus palmar incision open carpal tunnel release: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Fukushima J Med Sci. 2012;58(1):49-59. PMID: 22790892; https://doi.org/10.5387/fms.58.49. https://doi.org/10.5387/fms.58.49...
|
Japan |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Endoscopic |
Open Surgery |
79 |
101 |
3 |
x |
Uçar2828 Uçar BY, Demirtaş A, Bulut M, Azboy I, Uçar D. Carpal tunnel decompression: two different mini-incision techniques. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2012;16(4):533-8. PMID: 22696883.
|
Turkey |
Unspecified |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
CTD open modified release |
CTD open modified release |
90 |
90 |
30 |
|
Larsen2929 Larsen MB, Sorensen AI, Crone KL, Weis T, Boeckstyns ME. Carpal tunnel release: a randomized comparison of three surgical methods. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2013;38(6):646-50. PMID: 23340761; https://doi.org/10.1177/1753193412475247. https://doi.org/10.1177/1753193412475247...
|
Denmark |
Unspecified |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
CTD open modified release |
Endoscopic |
90 |
90 |
6 |
x |
Tarallo3030 Tarallo M, Fino P, Sorvillo V, Parisi P, Scuderi N. Comparative analysis between minimal access versus traditional accesses in carpal tunnel syndrome: a perspective randomised study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2014;67(2):237-43. PMID: 24290977; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2013.10.033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2013.10.0...
|
Italy |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
CTD open modified release |
Classic open CTD release |
120 |
120 |
12 |
|
Ullah3131 Ullah I. Local steroid injection or carpal tunnel release for carpal tunnel syndrome - which is more effective? J Postgrad Med Inst. 2013;27(2). Available from: https://www.jpmi.org.pk/index.php/jpmi/article/view/1497. https://www.jpmi.org.pk/index.php/jpmi/a...
|
Pakistan |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD release |
Pharmacological |
40 |
40 |
13 |
x |
Andreu3232 Andreu JL, Ly-Pen D, Millán I, de Blas G, Sánchez-Olaso A. Local injection versus surgery in carpal tunnel syndrome: neurophysiologic outcomes of a randomized clinical trial. Clin Neurophysiol. 2014;125(7):1479-84. PMID: 24321619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2013.11.010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2013.11...
|
Spain |
Katz Diagram |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD release |
Pharmacological |
95 |
95 |
12 |
|
Vanni3333 Vanni D, Sirabella FS, Galzio R, Salini V, Magliani V. The double tunnels technique: an alternative minimally invasive approach for carpal tunnel syndrome. J Neurosurg. 2015;123(5):1230-7. PMID: 26024005; https://doi.org/10.3171/2014.11.JNS14901. https://doi.org/10.3171/2014.11.JNS14901...
|
Italy |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
CTD open modified release |
Classic open CTD release |
220 |
220 |
12 |
x |
Peñas3434 Fernández-de-Las Peñas C, Ortega-Santiago R, de la Llave-Rincón AI, et al. Manual Physical Therapy Versus Surgery for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Randomized Parallel-Group Trial. J Pain. 2015;16(11):1087-94. PMID: 26281946; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2015.07.012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2015.07....
|
Spain |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Physiotherapy |
Classic open CTD release |
111 |
111 |
12 |
x |
SadatsuneI3535 Sadatsune EJ, Leal Pda C, Cossetti RJ, Sakata RK. Effect of preoperative gabapentin on pain intensity and development of chronic pain after carpal tunnel syndrome surgical treatment in women: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Sao Paulo Med J. 2016;134(4):285-91. PMID: 27007800; https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2015.00980710. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2015.0...
|
Brazil |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD release + Pharmacological |
Classic open CTD release + Pharmacological |
37 |
37 |
6 |
x |
Rojo-Manaute3636 Rojo-Manaute JM, Capa-Grasa A, Chana-Rodríguez F, et al. Ultra-Minimally Invasive Ultrasound-Guided Carpal Tunnel Release: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Ultrasound Med. 2016;35(6):1149-57. PMID: 27105949; https://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.15.07001. https://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.15.07001...
|
Arab Emirates |
Unspecified |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
CTD open modified release |
CTD open modified release |
82 |
82 |
12 |
x |
Acar3737 Acar MA, Kütahya H, Güleç A, et al. Triggering of the Digits After Carpal Tunnel Surgery. Ann Plast Surg. 2015;75(4):393-397. PMID: 25003426; https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000000233. https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.000000000000...
|
Turkey |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD release |
CTD open modified release |
113 |
159 |
24 |
x |
Gumustas3838 Gümüştaş SA, Ekmekçi B, Tosun HB, Orak MM, Bekler Hİ. Similar effectiveness of the open versus endoscopic technique for carpal tunnel syndrome: a prospective randomized trial. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2015;25(8):1253-60. PMID: 26319124; https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-015-1696-0. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-015-1696-...
|
France |
Unspecified |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Endoscopic |
Classic open CTD release |
50 |
50 |
– |
x |
Cho3939 Cho YJ, Lee JH, Shin DJ, Park KH. Comparison of short wrist transverse open and limited open techniques for carpal tunnel release: a randomized controlled trial of two incisions. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2016;41(2):143-7. PMID: 26353946; https://doi.org/10.1177/1753193415603968. https://doi.org/10.1177/1753193415603968...
|
South Korea |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
CTD open modified release |
CTD open modified release |
79 |
79 |
24 |
x |
Herold4040 Jerosch-Herold C, Houghton J, Miller L, Shepstone L. Does sensory relearning improve tactile function after carpal tunnel decompression? A pragmatic, assessor-blinded, randomized clinical trial. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2016;41(9):948-56. PMID: 27402282; https://doi.org/10.1177/1753193416657760. https://doi.org/10.1177/1753193416657760...
|
United Kingdom |
Paresthesia + special tests |
– |
Physiotherapy |
Classic open CTD release |
93 |
93 |
3 |
x |
Peñas4141 Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Cleland JA, Salom-Moreno J, et al. Prediction of Outcome in Women With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Who Receive Manual Physical Therapy Interventions: A Validation Study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2016;46(6):443-51. PMID: 27011304; https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2016.6348. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2016.6348...
|
Spain |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD release |
Physiotherapy |
120 |
120 |
12 |
x |
Logli4242 Logli AL, Bear BJ, Schwartz EG, Korcek KJ, Foster BJ. A Prospective, Randomized Trial of Splinting After Minicarpal Tunnel Release. J Hand Surg Am. 2018;43(8):775.e1-775.e8. PMID: 29482955; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2018.01.016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2018.01.0...
|
United States |
Unspecified |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Physiotherapy |
Classic open CTD release |
249 |
249 |
12 |
x |
Peñas4343 Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Cleland J, Palacios-Ceña M, et al. Effectiveness of manual therapy versus surgery in pain processing due to carpal tunnel syndrome: A randomized clinical trial. Eur J Pain. 2017;21(7):1266-76. PMID: 28295825; https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.1026. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.1026...
|
Spain |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD release |
Physiotherapy |
100 |
100 |
12 |
x |
Peñas4444 Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Cleland J, Palacios-Ceña M, et al. The Effectiveness of Manual Therapy Versus Surgery on Self-reported Function, Cervical Range of Motion, and Pinch Grip Force in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2017;47(3):151-61. PMID: 28158963; https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2017.7090. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2017.7090...
|
Spain |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Physiotherapy |
Classic open CTD release |
95 |
95 |
12 |
x |
Boriani4545 Boriani F, Granchi D, Roatti G, et al. Alpha-lipoic Acid After Median Nerve Decompression at the Carpal Tunnel: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Hand Surg Am. 2017;42(4):236-42. PMID: 28249792; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2017.01.011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2017.01.0...
|
Italy |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD release + Pharmacological |
Classic open CTD release + Pharmacological |
64 |
64 |
3 |
x |
Kleermaeker4646 De Kleermaeker FGCM, Meulstee J, Claes F, Kasius KM, Verhagen WIM. Treatment outcome in patients with clinically defined carpal tunnel syndrome but normal electrodiagnostic test results: a randomized controlled trial. J Neurol. 2017;264(12):2394-400. PMID: 28993935; https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-017-8637-2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-017-8637-...
|
Germany |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
Classic open CTD release |
Physiotherapy and Pharmacology |
43 |
43 |
6 |
x |
Kanchanathepsak4747 Kanchanathepsak T, Wairojanakul W, Phakdepiboon T, et al. Hypothenar fat pad flap vs conventional open release in primary carpal tunnel syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. World J Orthop. 2017;8(11):846-52. PMID: 29184759; https://doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v8.i11.846. https://doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v8.i11.846...
|
Thailand |
Unspecified |
– |
CTD open modified release |
Classic open CTD release |
33 |
36 |
3 |
x |
Oh4848 Oh WT, Kang HJ, Koh IH, Jang JY, Choi YR. Morphologic change of nerve and symptom relief are similar after mini-incision and endoscopic carpal tunnel release: a randomized trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2017;18(1):65. PMID: 28158978; https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-017-1438-z. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-017-1438-...
|
South Korea |
Unspecified |
Ultrasonography |
Endoscopic |
CTD open modified release |
67 |
67 |
6 |
|
Rimdeika4949 Rimdeika, R, Cepas A, Liubauskas R, et al. Proximal carpal crease incision for carpal tunnel release: a pilot study. Eur J Plast Surg. 2019;42:49-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00238-018-1450-z. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00238-018-1450-...
|
Germany |
Unspecified |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
CTD open modified release |
Classic open CTD release |
104 |
104 |
4 |
|
Zhang5050 Zhang S, Wang F, Ke S, et al. The Effectiveness of Ultrasound-Guided Steroid Injection Combined with Miniscalpel-Needle Release in the Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome vs. Steroid Injection Alone: A Randomized Controlled Study. Biomed Res Int. 2019;2019:9498656. PMID: 30915366; https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9498656. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9498656...
|
China |
Paresthesia + special tests |
ENMG (Non-Padua criteria) |
CTD open modified release |
Pharmacological |
46 |
46 |
3 |
x |
TOTAL n = 35 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,007
|
3,138
|
|
|
Average ± SD |
|
|
|
|
82 ± 51
|
90 ± 51
|
12 ± 11
|
|