FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SUPPORT PROVIDED TO WOMEN DURING CHILDBIRTH BY COMPANIONS IN PUBLIC MATERNITY HOSPITALS

Junges, Carolina Frescura; Brüggemann, Odaléa Maria

doi:10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2018-0239

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Original Article • Texto contexto - enferm. 29 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2018-0239 copy

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SUPPORT PROVIDED TO WOMEN DURING CHILDBIRTH BY COMPANIONS IN PUBLIC MATERNITY HOSPITALS

FACTORES ASOCIADOS CON EL APOYO BRINDADO A LAS MUJERES DURANTE EL PARTO POR ACOMPAÑANTES EN MATERNIDADES PÚBLICAS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to identify the factors associated with providing emotional, physical, informational and intermediation support for companions during childbirth.

Method:

this is a cross-sectional study, whose sample consisted of 861 companions from public maternity hospitals in Florianópolis, SC. Data collection was carried out from March/2015 to May/2016, using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The data were analyzed by Binary Logistic Regression, using the Hierarchical Model of Multivariate Analysis.

Results:

the factors associated with emotional support were: having between 8 and 11 years of study (OR: 2.70 - CI: 1.19-6.13), participation in prenatal care (OR: 3.40 - CI: 1.63 -7.10), adequate environment (OR: 3.02 - CI: 1.35-6.75) and concern about pain (OR: 2.95 - CI: 1.33-6.50); in relation to physical support: having 12 or more years of study (OR: 1.68 - CI: 1.10-2.56); in relation to informational support: companion being a woman’s mother (OR: 2.96 - CI: 1.71 to 5.12) and having knowledge about the Companion Law (OR: 1.47 - CI: 1.04 - 2.08); in relation to intermediation support: maternity hospital characteristics. Having received guidance from health professionals and participating in prenatal care were also associated with informational and intermediation support. Providing support in all four dimensions in labor was associated with all outcomes.

Conclusion:

the companion’s participation in prenatal and labor, maternity hospital characteristics and professionals’ attitude were the factors associated with support in childbirth.

DESCRIPTORS:
Humanizing delivery; Medical chaperones; Social support; Obstetric nursing; Parturition

Variables	Emotional support			Physical support
Variables	_adjOR	CI	P	_adjOR	CI	P
Sociodemographic characteristics^a			0.004			0.03
Age _(years)	1.03	1.00-1.13		1.02	1.00-1.04
Skin color			0.821			1
White	1			1
Black	1.46	0.33-6.47		0.97	0.56-1.04
Mixed-raced	1.17	0.56-2.44		1	0.73-1.36
Caucasian	0.49	0.05-4.18		0.86	0.23-3.15
Years of study			0.042			0.05
≤ 7	1			1
8 - 11	2.7	1.19-6.13		1.36	0.96-1.92
≥ 12	1.2	0.50-2.90		1.68	1.10-2.56
Relationship with women			0.554			0.11
Companion/baby’s father	1			1
Mom	1.01	0.19-5.31		0.87	0.51-1.47
Others*	0.59	0.23-1.52		1.63	0.98-2.73
Experience during pregnancy^b
Attended course and/or lecture			0.559			0.53
No	1			1
Yes	0.67	0.18-2.48		1.19	0.69-2.04
Knowledge about the Companion Law			0.052			0.58
No	1			1
Yes	3.33	0.99-11.22		1.1	0.78-1.56
Participated in prenatal care			0.001			0.08
No	1			1
Yes	3.4	1.63-7.10		1.3	0.97-1.75
Preference for type of childbirth			0.874			0.42
None	1			1
Vaginal delivery	0.82	0.38-1.76		1.08	0.78-1.48
Caesarean	0.95	0.19-4.63		0.74	0.41-1.36
Maternity hospital characteristics^c
Maternity hospital			0.622			0.16
Maternity A	1			1
Maternity B	1.29	0.59-2.82		0.74	0.52-1.04
Maternity C	1.76	0.47-6.54		1.07	0.66-1.74
Received written guidance			0.274			0.73
No	1			1
Yes	1.48	0.73-3.01		0.95	0.71-1.26
Suitable environment for companions			0.007			0.07
No	1			1
Yes	3.02	1.35-6.75		1.51	0.96-2.38
Childbirth position			0.967			0.88
Horizontal	1			1
Reclining	1.15	0.52-2.53		1.09	0.78-1.53
Vertical	1.36	0.35-5.24		1.17	0.70-1.95
Others*	1.22	0.13-11.37		1.37	0.49-3.75
Attention paid by companions^d
Concern about pain			0.007			0.43
No	1			1
Yes	2.95	1.33-6.50		1.17	0.78-1.76
Support in all four dimensions in labor			0.044			0
No	1			1
Yes	2.73	1.02-7.28		1.7	1.26-2.31
Health professionals’ attitudes^e
Encouraged participation			0.792			0.44
No	1			1
Yes	1.11	0.51-2.41		1.15	0.80-1.64
Guided on what to do as companions			0.065			<0.001
No	1			1
Yes	2.15	0.95-4.87		2.43	1.73-3.42
Informed about the situation and the service provided			0.122			0.77
No	1
Yes	1.86	0.95-4.87			0.65-1.36

Variables	Informational support			Intermediation support
Variables	_adjOR	CI	p	_adjOR	CI	P
Sociodemographic characteristics^a			0.964			0.084
Age _(years)	1	0.98-1.01		1.01	0.99-1.03
Skin color			0.457			0.207
White	1			1
Black	0.77	0.46-1.31		0.6	0.36-1.02
Mixed-raced	0.83	0.62-1.12		0.93	0.69-1.25
Caucasian	1.67	0.42-6.62		0.48	0.13-1.75
Years of study			0.165			0.078
≤ 7	1			1
8 - 11	1.35	0.95-1.92		1.38	0.98-1.94
≥ 12	1.4	0.93-2.10		1	0.67-1.49
Relationship with women			<0.001			0.87
Companion/baby’s father	1			1
Mom	2.96	1.71-5.12		0.87	0.53-1.44
Others*	1.5	0.94-2.39		0.96	0.99-1.03
Experience during pregnancy^b
Attended course and/or lecture			0.355			0.581
No	1			1
Yes	1.27	0.75-2.15		0.87	0.53-1.41
Knowledge about the Companion Law			0.027			0.146
No	1			1
Yes	1.47	1.04-2.08		1.27	0.91-1.77
Participated in prenatal care			0.001			0.006
No	1			1
Yes	1.69	1.25-2.28		1.48	1.11-1.96
Preference for type of childbirth			0.219			0.76
None	1			1
Vaginal delivery	1.29	0.95-1.77		0.89	0.65-1.21
Caesarean	1.4	0.77-2.55		0.92	0.51-1.64
Maternity hospital characteristics^c
Maternity hospital			0.258			<0.001
Maternity A	1			1
Maternity B	0.95	0.68-1.35		0.92	0.66-1.29
Maternity C	1.43	0.88-2.31		3.57	2.17-5.86
Received written guidance			0.017			<0.001
No	1			1
Yes	1.42	1.06-1.90		1.68	1.26-2.25
Suitable environment for companions			0.374			0.007
No	1			1
Yes	1.23	0.77-1.95		1.9	1.19-3.04
Childbirth position			0.229			0.092
Horizontal	1			1
Reclining	1.36	0.97-1.91		0.65	0.47-0.92
Vertical	0.94	0.57-1.56		0.67	0.40-1.12
Others*	1.26	0.47-3.24		0.91	0.33-2.52
Attention paid by companions^d
Concern about pain			0.369			0.09
No	1			1
Yes	1.19	0.78-1.82		1.45	0.94-2.24
Support in all four dimensions in labor			<0.001			<0.001
No	1			1
Yes	3.08	2.24-4.24		5.65	3.97-8.04
Health professionals’ attitudes^e
Encouraged participation			0.2			0.16
No	1			1
Yes	1.26	0.88-1.82		1.31	0.89-1.91
Guided on what to do as companions			0.001			0.005
No	1			1
Yes	1.79	1.27-2.52		1.66	1.17-2.38
Informed about the situation and the service provided			0.206			0.795
No	1			1
Yes	1.26	0.87-1.82		1.05	0.71-1.55

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Enfermagem Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis - Santa Catarina - Brasil, Tel.: (55 48) 3721-4915 / (55 48) 3721-9043 - Florianópolis - SC - Brazil
E-mail: textoecontexto@contato.ufsc.br

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[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Carolina Frescura Junges cfjunges@gmail.com