VALIDATION OF AN EDUCATIONAL BOOKLET: EFFECT ON THE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PREVENTION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN ADOLESCENTS

Rocha, Mariana Rodrigues da; Vale, Hiugo Santos do; Moreira, Thereza Maria Magalhães; Borges, José Wicto Pereira; Machado, Ana Larissa Gomes; Silva, Ana Roberta Vilarouca da

doi:10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2021-0074

Brasil

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Original Article • Texto contexto - enferm. 31 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2021-0074 linkcopy

VALIDATION OF AN EDUCATIONAL BOOKLET: EFFECT ON THE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PREVENTION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN ADOLESCENTS

VALIDACIÓN DE UN CUADERNILLO EDUCATIVO: EFECTO SOBRE EL CONOCIMIENTO ACERCA DE LA PREVENCIÓN DEL SÍNDROME METABÓLICO ENTRE ADOLESCENTES

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective: to validate an educational booklet for the promotion of knowledge about the prevention of Metabolic Syndrome in adolescents.

Method: a time series quasi-experiment conducted in 2020 with 37 adolescents from five public schools belonging to the teaching state network of Picos, Piauí, Brazil. It was conducted in two phases: 1) development of a script of questions about the prevention of MS and its content validation by 17 experts; 2) quasi-experiment with reading of the booklet called “Síndrome Metabólica: Como me prevenir?” (“Metabolic Syndrome: How can I protect myself?”, and assessment of the adolescents' knowledge through a script of questions before and after reading the booklet. To analyze content validity of the script of questions, the Content Validity Ratio was calculated (CVR>0.529). The McNemar test (p<0.05) was used to investigate the effect of the educational booklet on the adolescents' knowledge. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Federal do Piauí.

Results: the script of question's overall CVR was 0.718, representing good content validation. Three assertions were removed (CVR<0.529). Regarding the adolescents' knowledge, 45.9% improved it, with no significant difference (p=0.067).

Conclusion: the adolescents' knowledge was higher in almost half of the participants in the post-test, showing that reading the educational booklet favored knowledge about the prevention of Metabolic Syndrome.

DESCRIPTORS: Metabolic X Syndrome; Adolescent; Education in health; Educational technology; Validation studies

Items		CVR^*
1	Metabolic Syndrome is characterized by a set of factors that increase the chances of having heart or blood vessel problems.	1.0
2	A person with Metabolic Syndrome can present accumulation of fat in the abdominal region.	1.0
3	High blood sugar is not a component identified in people with Metabolic Syndrome.	0.412^**
4	High blood pressure is a component identified in people with Metabolic Syndrome.	1.0
5	Excess of fat accumulated in the cells is a component identified in people with Metabolic Syndrome.	1.0
6	High good cholesterol (HDL) increases the risk of suffering Metabolic Syndrome.	0.176^**
7	A person with a family history of Metabolic Syndrome is also at risk of developing this disease.	0.765
8	The risk of developing Metabolic Syndrome increases if the person leads a sedentary life, without practicing physical activity.	1.0
9	All the individuals who follow an inadequate diet can present more chances of developing Metabolic Syndrome.	0.647
10	Smoking is a risk factor for the development of Metabolic Syndrome.	0.765
11	Metabolic Syndrome is only found in adults and in aged individuals.	0.176^†
12	Currently, the number of children and adolescents with Metabolic Syndrome is ever increasing.	0.882
13	The Metabolic Syndrome diagnosis must be made by a health professional, through the evaluation of physical and laboratory exams.	1.0
14	Metabolic Syndrome can be prevented!	0.882
15	Healthy eating prevents the development of Metabolic Syndrome; that is why vegetables, legumes and fruits must be included in the meals.	1.0
16	At all ages, it is fundamental to practice some physical exercise; in the case of adolescents, such practice must be periodic, at least 60 minutes of daily physical activity.	1.0
17	Regular physical activity helps prevent the development of risk factors for Metabolic Syndrome; in addition to that, it also increases self-esteem and helps improve well-being.	1.0
18	The smoking habit causes aesthetics problems, but does not favor the emergence of cardiovascular diseases (heart and blood vessels).	0.059^†
19	Excessive alcohol consumption can cause physical and mental malaise, aggressive behavior and, in the long term, a large number of fatal diseases, Metabolic Syndrome among them.	0.647
20	Experiencing persistent stressful moments does not interfere in cardiac diseases (heart and blood vessels) or in the development of Metabolic Syndrome.	-0.059^†
Overall CVR^*		0.718

Variables	N	%	Mean±SD^*
Gender
Female	26	70.3
Male	11	29.7
Age group			15.9±1.0
14-15 years old	13	35.1
16-17 years old	24	64.9
Schooling (years of study)			12.4±1.5
9-10 years	2	5.4
11-12 years	17	46.0
13-14 years	15	40.5
15-16 years	3	8.1
Skin color (self-reported)
White	11	29.7
Black	6	16.2
Asian	3	8.1
Brown	17	45.9
Household arrangement
Parents	34	91.9
Others	3	8.1
Number of people living in the house			4.2±1.2
2-3	11	29.7
4-5	23	62.2
6+	3	8.1
Marital status
Single	35	94.6
Married	1	2.7
Stable union	1	2.7
Occupation in the last 12 months
Only studies	34	91.9
Paid work	3	8.1
Family income			1,791.09±1,702.65
≤ 1 minimum wage^**	17	45.9
> 1 minimum wage	20	54.1
Economic class^†
Class A	2	5.4
Class B1	0	0
Class B2	9	24.3
Class C1	8	21.6
Class C2	11	29.7
Class D-E	7	18.9

Item	Pre-test	Post-test	p-value^*
1 - Metabolic Syndrome is characterized by a set of factors that increase the chances of having heart or blood vessel problems.	36 (97.3)	36 (97.3)	1.000
2 - A person with Metabolic Syndrome can present accumulation of fat in the abdominal region.	33 (89.2)	33 (89.2)	1.000
3- Low blood sugar is one of the components identified in people with Metabolic Syndrome.	9 (24.3)	10 (27.0)	1.000
4 - High blood pressure is one of the components identified in people with Metabolic Syndrome.	31 (83.8)	35 (94.6)	0.289
5 - Accumulation of fat in the cells is one of the components identified in people with Metabolic Syndrome.	28 (75.7)	29 (78.4)	1.000
6- When high, good cholesterol (HDL) increases the risk of suffering Metabolic Syndrome.	21 (56.8)	18 (48.6)	0.629
7 - Individuals who follow an inadequate diet can present more chances of developing Metabolic Syndrome.	33 (89.2)	37 (100)	0.125
8 - A person with a family history of Metabolic Syndrome is also at risk of developing this disease.	25 (67.6)	27 (73)	0.774
9 - The risk of developing Metabolic Syndrome increases if the person leads a sedentary life, without practicing physical activity.	34 (91.9)	37 (100)	0.250
10 - Not smoking is a preventive measure for Metabolic Syndrome.	31 (83.8)	34 (91.9)	0.453
11 - Currently, the number of children and adolescents with metabolic Syndrome is ever increasing.	30 (81.1)	36 (97.3)	0.031
12 - The Metabolic Syndrome diagnosis must be made by a health professional, through the evaluation of physical and laboratory exams.	36 (97.3)	33 (89.2)	0.375
13 - Metabolic Syndrome can be prevented.	36 (97.3)	37 (100)	1.000
14 - Healthy eating, by including vegetables, legumes and fruits in the diet, prevents the development of Metabolic Syndrome; that is why they must be included in the meals.	34 (91.9)	37 (100)	0.250
15 - In the case of adolescents, the daily practice of physical activity must be periodic, at least for 60 minutes.	34 (91.9)	36 (97.3)	0.625
16 - Periodic practice of physical activity helps to prevent the development of risk factors for Metabolic Syndrome.	35 (94.6)	33 (89.2)	0.625
17 - Excessive alcohol consumption can cause physical and mental malaise, aggressive behaviors and, in the long term, many fatal diseases.	35 (94.6)	36 (97.3)	1.000

Situation	N	%	p-value^*
It was reduced	7	18.9	0.067
Indifferent	13	35.1
It increased	17	45.9
Total	37	100	-

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Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós Graduação em Enfermagem Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis - Santa Catarina - Brasil, Tel.: (55 48) 3721-4915 / (55 48) 3721-9043 - Florianópolis - SC - Brazil
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[TFN1] ^*Content Validity Ratio; ^**Items reassessed; †Items removed.