The objectives of this historical and social study were: to describe the circumstances of the case that prompted the establishment of relations between Anna Nery School and the Brazilian Air Force, during World War II, and analyze the organization process of the Nurses Group of the Air Force Reserves, which consisted of alumni from this School, to work with the Brazilian Air Force's 1st Hunting Group on the Italian front. The historical sources consisted of written and photographic documents. For the analysis and interpretation of the data, the concepts of Pierre Bourdieu's Social World Theory were considered. The results showed the active participation of this School in the official incorporation process of nurses in the Air Force during the war, which permitted the conquest of a unique space for professional practice at a historic moment of extreme drama, when the honorable and necessary actions of nurses were observed in military scenarios.
Nursing; History of nursing; Military nursing; World War II.
