RISK PERCEPTION AMONG WORKERS WITH PREVIOUS OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS IN PRE-HOSPITAL SETTINGS

Goulart, Leonardo Salomão; Rocha, Laurelize Pereira; Carvalho, Deciane Pintanela de; Barlem, Edison Luiz Devos; Tomaschewski-Barlem, Jamila Geri; Brum, Raissa Garcia

doi:10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2018-0513

Brasil

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Original Article • Texto contexto - enferm. 29 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2018-0513 linkcopy

RISK PERCEPTION AMONG WORKERS WITH PREVIOUS OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS IN PRE-HOSPITAL SETTINGS

PERCEPCIÓN DE RIESGOS ENTRE TRABAJADORES QUE SUFRIERON ACCIDENTES DE TRABAJO EN AMBIENTE PREHOSPITALARIO

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective: to identify the risk perception of workers with previous occupational accidents in Mobile Emergency Care Services.

Method: this quantitative and analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted with 265 professionals working in pre-hospital settings from 57 cities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. An online questionnaire addressed sociodemographic characteristics, previous occupational accidents and the workers’ occupational risk perceptions rated on a five-point Likert scale. The analysis included descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, median, and associations were verified using the Mann-Whitney test; the level of significance was established at p<0.05.

Results: the occupational risks the workers more frequently reported were: exposure to blood (4.43); exposure to contaminated secretion/excretion (4.36); contact and handling of hygienization products (4.28); exposure to bacteria (4.25); lifting and transporting heavy loads (4.25); and exposure to viruses (4.23). A significant association was found between the risk perception of workers with previous occupational accidents and chemical (p=0.001), physical (p=0.006), ergonomic or psychological (p=0.000) risks, and accidents (p=0.000).

Conclusion: association between the risk perception of workers who had previously experienced occupational accidents was significant, suggesting that workers may not identify or trivialize risks before they experience an accident. Therefore, actions are needed to encourage changes in behavior so that workers identify risks and prevent occupational accidents, such as adopting personal and collective protective equipment and improving the work conditions in pre-hospital settings.

DESCRIPTORS: Prehospital care; Accidents, Occupational; Ambulances; Occupational risks; Workers

Variable		n	(%)
Mesoregion
	Mid-Western Ri-Grandense	12	4.5
	Mid-Eastern Rio-Grandense	20	7.5
	Metropolitana area of Porto Alegre	43	16.2
	Northeast Rio-Grandense	52	19.6
	Northwest Rio-Grandense	28	10.6
	Southeast Rio-Grandense	93	35.1
	Southwest Rio-Grandense	17	6.4

Sociodemographic characteristics		n	(%)
Sex
	Male	142	53.6
	Female	123	46.4
Age range
	≤29	31	11.7
	30 to 45	198	74.7
	≥46	36	13.6
Profession
	Ambulance drivers	72	27.2
	Motorlance drivers	04	1.5
	Nursing technicians or aides	83	31.3
	Nurses	87	32.8
	Physicians	19	7.2

Occupational Risks				Occupational accidents
		Mean(±sd)	Median	p
Chemical				0.001
	Exposure to dust	3.71(0.98)	4.0	0.176
	Exposure to fumes	2.85(1.08)	3.0	0.052
	Exposição to mists	2.92(1.01)	3.0	0.020
	Exposição to gases	2.19(1.07)	2.0	0.407
	Exposição to exhaust	2.43(1.09)	2.0	0.206
	Exposição to chemical substances, compounds, and products in general	2.77(1.12)	3.0	0.001
	Handling and contact with medication and solutions	4.23(1.02)	5.0	0.053
	Handling and contact with hygienization products	4.28(0.92)	5.0	0.000
Physical				0.006
	Exposure to cold	3.83(0.77)	4.0	0.011
	Exposure to heat	3.85(0.78)	4.0	0.011
	Exposure to rain	3.78(0.74)	4.0	0.037
	Exposure to humidity	3.75(0.80)	4.0	0.024
	Exposure to vibration	3.68(1.11)		0.012
	Exposure to abnormal pressure	2.57(1.25)	2.0	0.384
	Exposure to excessive noise	3.88(1.07)	4.0	0.005
Biological				0.167
	Exposure to viruses	4.24(0.81)	4.0	0.088
	Exposure to bacteria	4.25(0.85)	4.0	0.637
	Exposure to protozoa	3.36(1.19)	3.0	0.309
	Exposure to fungi	3.53(1.13)	4.0	0.320
	Exposure to parasites	3.40(1.18)	3.0	0.699
	Exposure to bacilli	3.74(1.01)	4.0	0.017
	Exposure to blood	4.43(0.65)	5.0	0.261
	Exposure to contaminated secretion/excretions	4.36(0.69)	4.0	0.098
Ergonomic/ Psychosocial				0.000
	Intense physical effort	4.03(0.82)	4.0	0.002
	Lifting and transporting heavy loads	4.25(0.80)	4.0	0.011
	Inapropriate postures	3.82(0.86)	4.0	0.001
	Strict productivity control	2.92(1.25)	3.0	0.751
	Accelerated rhythm of work	2.92(1.20)	3.0	0.071
	Night shift and rotational shiftwork	4.00(0.99)	4.0	0.171
	Long working hours	3.43(1.15)	4.0	0.000
	Monotony and repeatability	2.77(1.21)	3.0	0.246
	Stress	3.59(1.09)	4.0	0.000
	Work overload	3.12(1.18)	3.0	0.003
	Inapropriate lighting	3.17(1.11)	3.0	0.000
	Anxiety	3.18(1.10)	3.0	0.000
	Physical exhaustion	3.03(1.09)	3.0	0.000
	Psychological exhaustion	2.82(1.18)	3.0	0.000
Accidents				0.000
	Inadequate physical arrangemnet	2.77(1.15)	3.0	0.000
	Using machinery and equipmet without protection	2.17(1.07)	2.0	0.007
	Defective equipment	2.29(1.03)	2.0	0.004
	Accidents with electricity	2.09(1.01)	2.0	0.158
	Fire/explosion probability	2.62(1.03)	3.0	0.278
	Inapropriate storage of materials and equipment	2.09(1.03)	2.0	0.020
	Accidents with animals	2.51(1.11)	2.0	0.002
	Traffic accidents	3.20(1.45)	3.0	0.000
	Physical aggresions	3.01(1.22)	3.0	0.000
	Needlestick accidents	3.23(1.38)	3.0	0.002
	Pedestrian crashes on the site	2.86(1.43)	3.0	0.058
	Falls	3.04(1.23)	3.0	0.067
	Rescue from heights	2.31(1.05)	2.0	0.646
	Rope lifting	2.00(0.92)	2.0	0.678

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