The present article reflects upon formal education, focusing on the debates, projects and initiatives surrounding the dissemination of primary schools during the First Republic period (1889-1930) and discussing historiographic production regarding the republican education system. It is our intent to contribute to opening up a series of new problems for researchers concerned with the formation of modern school culture, as well as the processes of cultural socialization, circulation, appropriation and (re)invention rooted in the primary school.
History of School Education; Memory; First Republic