This article discusses a collection of theoretical and historical questions about a history of left movements and parties in Brazil. These questions come from some international currents of History like: the English Marxist Historians' Group, the Oral History, the "history from below", etc. In Brazil many books about the Communist Party (PCB) and the "guerrilla" have been written but there are few works about the years of 1970 and 80´s - the period of the resistance and the redemocratization process.