Eskandari 2005 2020. Eskandari F, Mistry S, Martinez PE, Torvik S, Kotila C, Sebring N, et al. Younger, premenopausal women with major depressive disorder have more abdominal fat and increased serum levels of prothrombotic factors: implications for greater cardiovascular risk. Metabolism. 2005;54:918-24. |
A prospective study of 45 women with MDD diagnosed by DSM-IV criteria and 25 controls with no history of DSM-IV diagnosis. Severity of depression was assessed with the HAM-D scale. |
Menopausal women, endocrine disorders, patients with potential suicidal risk, subjects with a current or past history of eating disorders, bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, or schizoaffective disorder were excluded. |
Blood samples were collected at 8:00 pm following ad libitum diet and fasting blood samples were collected at 8:00 am of the following morning once per hour till 8:00 pm, for a total of 25 samples. |
PAI-1 level was higher in patients with MDD. |
Seventeen MDD patients and 17 age, race, BMI, and smoking-matched controls |
Lahlou-Laforet 2006 2626. Lahlou-Laforet K, Alhenc-Gelas M, Pornin M, Bydlowski S, Seigneur E, Benetos A, et al. Relation of depressive mood to plasminogen activator inhibitor, tissue plasminogen activator, and fibrinogen levels in patients with versus without coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol. 2006;97:1287-91. |
A comparative study with 231 men aged from 40 to 65, 123 with no CHD and 108 with CHD. Depression was assessed with the CES-D scale. |
Patients with recent myocardial infarction or unstable angina during the previous 3 months or a prescription for thrombolytic agents during the same period |
PAI-1 measurements were done between 8:00 and 10:00 am to control for circadian variations. |
PAI-1 Activity was higher in blood samples of depressed patients |
Forty-nine depressed patients and 182 non-depressed patients with adjustment for CHD status, hypertension, triglyceride concentration, smoking, BMI, tPA antigen and fibrinogen levels |
Schroeder 2007 2525. Schroeder V, Borner U, Gutknecht S, Schmid J-P, Saner H, Kohler HP. Relation of depression to various markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with and without coronary artery disease. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007;14:782-7. |
A comparative study with 306 sequentially enrolled participants, 214 with CAD and 92 without CAD. Diagnosis of MDD was based on DSM-IV criteria. The HADS and ADS-L scales were used as screening instruments for depression and anxiety. The HAMD scale was used to assess severity of depression. |
Insufficient knowledge of the German language and incomplete answering of questionnaires were the only criteria listed for exclusion. |
No detailed information was available regarding method of sample collection. |
PAI-1 was non-significantly higher in MD patients than participants with negative screening by HADS and ADS-L scales. |
Thirty MDD patients and 161 with negative screening. The population was split into CHD patients and controls without CHD and coagulation and fibrinolytic measures were assessed between MD patients and patients with negative screening within each group. |
Pan 2008 2323. Pan A, Ye X, Franco OH, Li H, Yu Z, Wang J, et al. The association of depressive symptoms with inflammatory factors and adipokines in middle-aged and older Chinese. PloS One. 2008;3:e1392-e. |
A cross-sectional study with 3,289 community participants aged 50-70 years old; 312 depressed and 2,977 with no depression symptoms. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the CES-D scale with a cut-off point of 16. |
Patients with self-care disabilities, severe psychological disorders, newly diagnosed with cancer, coronary heart disease, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease and dementia within the 6 month period before the start of the study, or currently diagnosed with tuberculosis, AIDS, or other communicable diseases |
Blood samples were collected in the morning after 8 hours of fasting. |
No statistical difference in PAI-1 level between depressed and non-depressed patients. |
Adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity level, educational level, geographic location, residential area, comorbidity status, log-insulin, log-triglyceride, log-total cholesterol, log-systolic blood pressure, and use of anti-inflammatory drugs. |
Jiang 2016 2424. Jiang H, Li X, Chen S, Lu N, Yue Y, Liang J, et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in depression: results from animal and clinical studies. Sci Rep. 2016;6:30464. |
A comparative study with 17 MDD inpatients diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria. Patients were drug free for 2 weeks. HDRS was used to assess severity of depression. Seventeen healthy controls with no history of DSM-IV axis I or II disorders and HDRS scores < 7. |
Comorbid Axis I diagnosis, alcohol or substance abuse or dependence, or other neurological illnesses, including dementia or stroke |
Blood samples were collected between 6:30-8:00 am. |
Serum PAI-1 concentration was significantly higher in MDD patients than controls. |
Adjusting for age, education, and body weight. |
Malan 2017 2121. Malan L, Mashele N, Malan NT, Harvey BH, Potgieter JC, Van Rooyen JM. Depression symptoms facilitated fibrinolytic dysregulation and future coronary artery disease risk in a black male cohort. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2017;32:401-8. |
A cross sectional study with 181 black African urban-dwelling teachers aged 25-60 years. Eighty-two patients with depression symptoms and 99 controls without depression. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the PHQ-9 scale. |
Pregnancy, lactation, psychotropic substance users, tympanum temperature higher than 37.5ºC, individuals vaccinated or who donated blood in the 3 months prior to participating and HIV infection |
Blood samples were obtained before 9:00 am after fasting overnight. |
PAI-1 levels were significantly higher in men with depression symptoms than those without. However, no statistical difference was found in women. |
Adjusting for age, cotinine, BMI, GGT, physical activity, HDL-cholesterol, mean arterial pressure, and statin use. Where PHQ is 10 or greater, moderately depressed; PHQ lower than 10, no apparent depression. |