| Wright et al.2222. Wright I, Waterman M, Prescott H, Murdoch-Eaton D. A new Stroop-like measure of inhibitory function development: typical developmental trends. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2003;44:561-75.
|
155 |
3-16 |
Evaluate the Stroop task with images of animals. |
A new, Stroop-like measure of inhibitory function. |
The task provides a robust measure of inhibitory function across an age range of 3-16 years. |
| van Deurzen et al.2323. van Deurzen PA, Buitelaar JK, Agnes Brunnekreef J, Ormel J, Minderaa RB, Hartman CA, et al. Response time variability and response inhibition predict affective problems in adolescent girls, not in boys: the TRAILS study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012;21:277-87.
|
2,179 |
10-12 |
Examine the relationship between neurocognitive functioning and affective problems through adolescence. |
Amsterdam Neuropsychological Tasks Program (ANT). |
Slower baseline speed, enhanced response time variability, deficient response inhibition and poor working memory were cross-sectionally associated with baseline affective problems in girls. |
| Urben et al.2424. Urben S, Van der Linden M, Barisnikov K. Emotional modulation of the ability to inhibit a prepotent response during childhood. Dev Neuropsychol. 2012;37:668-81.
|
62 |
6-13 |
Examine the bottom-up influence of emotional context on response inhibition. |
Stop signal tasks: one with circles, one with neutral faces, and one with emotional faces (happy and sad). |
Emotional context altered response inhibition ability in childhood. However, no interaction found between age and emotional influence on response inhibition. |
| Aran-Filippetti & Minzi2525. Aran-Filippetti V, Richaud de Minzi MC. A structural analysis of executive functions and socioeconomic status in school-age children: cognitive factors as effect mediators. J Genet Psychol. 2012;173:393-416.
|
254 |
7-12 |
Analyze associations between different socioeconomic indicators and the executive functions of schoolchildren. |
Graffar's modified scale, Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test, Matching Familiar Figures Test-20, Stroop Color-Word Interference Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Digit span and letter-number sequencing subtests of the WISC-IV, Porteus Maze Test, the FAS version of the controlled oral word association test (COWAT). |
Significant effect of SES (socioeconomic status) on all executive functions tested. |
| Nichelli et al.2626. Nichelli F, Scala G, Vago C, Riva D, Bulgheroni S. Age-related trends in Stroop and conflicting motor response task findings. Child Neuropsychol. 2005;11:431-43.
|
100 |
6-11 |
Investigate the development of a capacity to inhibit automatic responses in young and middle childhood. |
An animal Stroop task, conflicting motor response task. |
Performance clearly improves in both tests during the course of a child's development. |
| Yücel et al.1111. Yücel M, Fornito A, Youssef G, Dwyer D, Whittle S, Wood SJ, et al. Inhibitory control in young adolescents: the role of sex, intelligence, and temperament. Neuropsychology. 2012;26:347-56.
|
153 |
11-13 |
Examine how sex, temperament and intelligence are related to different aspects of inhibitory control. |
Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire - Revised (EATQ-R); Parent report version of the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire (PEATQ) (temperament); The Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) Index of Relative Socio-Economic Disadvantage (IRSD); WISC-IV; Stroop modified. |
Girls were more efficient than boys in the use of strategic control to reduce the magnitude of conflicting responses. |
| Polderman et al.2727. Polderman TJ, de Geus EJ, Hoekstra RA, Bartels M, van Leeuwen M, Verhulst FC, et al. Attention problems, inhibitory control, and intelligence index overlapping genetic factors: a study in 9-, 12-, and 18-year-old twins. Neuropsychology. 2009;23:381-91.
|
1,209 |
9, 12, 18 |
Investigate the association between attentional and inhibitory control problems and test the extent of this association due to genetic factors shared with intelligence quotient (IQ). |
Stroop Color Word Task, WISC and WAIS. |
Attentional problems and inhibitory control were correlated only in the cohort aged 12 years, but this correlation was not significant when IQ was controlled. |
| Kohls et al.1313. Kohls G, Peltzer J, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Konrad K. Differential effects of social and non-social reward on response inhibition in children and adolescents. Dev Sci. 2009;12:614-25.
|
65 |
8-12 |
Assess motivation and inhibitory control. |
Go/no-go task, The Behavioral Inhibition Scale (BIS)/Behavioral Activation Scale (BAS). |
Both social and non-social rewards significantly improved social task performance, although effects on inhibition were only observed for monetary reward. |
| Urben et al.2828. Urben S, Van der Linden M, Barisnikov K. Development of the ability to inhibit a prepotent response: influence of working memory and processing speed. Br J Dev Psychol. 2011;29:981-98.
|
159 |
5-12 |
Analyze the trends of response inhibition development during childhood. |
Stop signal task, N-back task and processing speed task. |
An improvement in the ability to inhibit the response in the age group 5-10 years. |
| Silveri et al.2929. Silveri MM, Rohan ML, Pimentel PJ, Gruber SA, Rosso IM, Yurgelun-Todd DA. Sex differences in the relationship between white matter microstructure and impulsivity in adolescents. Magn Reson Imaging. 2006;24:833-41.
|
21 |
9-15 |
Study the relationship between the microstructure of white matter (WM) and inhibition of impulsive behavior in female and male adolescents. |
Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory, Stroop Color-Word Test. |
Sex-related differences for the relationship between white matter and impulsive behavior in right anterior corpus callosum for males and splenium for females. |
| Wassenberg et al.3030. Wassenberg R, Hendriksen JG, Hurks PP, Feron FJ, Keulers EH, Vles JS, et al. Development of inattention, impulsivity, and processing speed as measured by the d2 Test: results of a large cross-sectional study in children aged 7-13. Child Neuropsychol. 2008;14:195-210.
|
451 |
7-13 |
Study the development of the third aspect of selective attention. |
D2 |
Age differences were observed in processing speed, which continued to develop through sixth grade. |
| Leon-Carrion et al.1515. Leon-Carrion J, García-Orza J, Pérez-Santamaría FJ. Development of the inhibitory component of the executive functions in children and adolescents. Int J Neurosci. 2004;114:1291-311.
|
99 |
6-17 |
Evaluate inhibitory control. |
Stroop test. |
Existence of sex-related differences in both response time and in errors. The interference increased in the first age group. |
| Pureza et al.3131. Pureza JR, Gonçalves HA, Branco L, Grassi-Oliveira R, Fonseca RP. Executive functions in late childhood: age differences among groups. Psychol Neurosci. 2013;6:79-88.
|
90 |
6-12 |
Observe differences in executive functions. |
Verbal fluency, narrative discourse, random number generation, N-Back, Bells Test and Hayling Test. |
There is progressive development of executive functions during childhood. |
