Sustainability of the urban devevelopment of Campinas-SP: a multicriteria approach

Abstract

The objective of the present work was to integrate the urban sustainability indicators by multicriteria approach using Commitment Programming (CP), which is based on Pressure-State-Response model, aiming to evaluate the intervention potential of socioeconomic, environmental and politics factors into the urbanization process. Such approach was applied to the north-northwest region of Campinas, SP, city by using Pressure (land use, urban growth and population density), State (green areas, urban equipment and social vulnerability) and Response (zoning plan 2004 and zoning plan 2018) components for modeling in GIS applying CP multicriteria method. It was observed that ~49% of the analyzed area had a good indicative of sustainability, which was reduced till ~29% with the implementation of the 2018 zoning plan. The exclusion of conservation areas is probably the determining factor for this reduction, as evidenced by pressure indicators on the Mata de Santa Genebra conservation unit and dendritic growth in the periurban areas. However, it should be noted that the evaluation encompassed the initial stage of zoning plan 2018, and a conclusive analysis of the environmental changes from the development was premature. Thus, it is recommended that this sustainability evaluation be a permanent tool to the analysis the actions of planning and management of urban land use.

Keywords:
Sustainable development; Geographic information systems; Decision-making; Compromise programming; City planning